CLASSIFICATION Making sense of the vast array of living things.

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Presentation transcript:

CLASSIFICATION Making sense of the vast array of living things

SPECIES What is a species? A group of individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.

Naming Species Binomial System –Two words, first word is Genus (always capitalized) –Second word is specific epithet (always in lower case) –Put both words in italics (or underline) –Example: Homo sapiens = human

Grouping Species: hierarchical Species are grouped into Genera. Genera are grouped into Families. Families are grouped into Orders Orders are grouped into Classes. Classes are grouped into Phyla (called Divisions in plants). Phyla are grouped into Kingdoms. Based on evolutionary lineage

Evolutionary lineage based on differences in one gene

Grouping Species: hierarchical Kingdom (Animalia) –Phylum (Chordata) Class (Mammalia) –Order (Carnivora) »Family (Canidae) » Genus (Canis) » Species (Canis latrans) Coyote example K ing P hillip C ame O ver F rom G ermany S miling

Domains/Kingdoms Bacteria Archaea Eucarya –Protists –Fungi –Plants –Animals

Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Class Arachnida: arachnids –1-2 body parts, 8 legs, no antennae –spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites Class Insecta: insects –3 body parts, 6 legs, 2 antennae –Flies, ants, beetles, etc.

Phylum Chordata: named for the notochord which is a flexible support rod that occurs sometime in the life of all chordates (this is replaced by the backbone in vertebrates) Below are the vertebrate classes we will study –Class Osteichthyes: bony fish –Class Amphibia: amphibians: frogs, salamanders –Class Reptilia: reptiles: turtles, snakes, lizards, crocodiles –Class Aves: birds –Class Mammalia: mammals

Sciences of the Vertebrates Fish? –Ichthyology Amphibians? –Herpetology Reptiles? –Herpetology Insects? –Entomology Birds? –Ornithology Mammals? –Mammalogy

Animal Diversity 33% BEETLES! Order Level 33% of all animals are what?

Animal Diversity 74% INSECTS! Class Level 74% of all animals are what?

Animal Diversity 86%ARTHROPODS Phylum Level Insects, Spiders, Scorpions, Crustaceans, etc. 86% of all animals are what?

Animal Diversity 4% VERTEBRATES Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals About 4% of all animals are what?