Energy Savings with EnergyEdge Brandi McManus, Energy Services Manager – MR&D

Energy Indicators Simple – from statistics –Benchmarks –Indices Corrected – for special energy uses –Site Survey Customized – close look at facility –Manual Calculations –Modeling

Benchmark vs. Indices Benchmark – A standard by which something can be measured or judged Indices – a quantity whose variation over a period of time measures the change in some phenomenon.

Benchmarks/Indices Historical Comparative Process vs Facility Facility vs Portfolio Performance Based Practice Based Meaningful Metrics are Key

Benchmarks can be used to… Compare Facilities Set Goals Communicate to customers

Benchmarks and Indices Simple goal: Is there an energy opportunity? Things to ALWAYS remember –Baseline – What happened that year? –Weather – Hotter or cooler? –Data – How complete and reliable?

A Comparison Sample: Office Building using € per year and m 2 Other buildings in Area –Building A: office € m 2 –Building B: office€ m 2 –Building C: hospital€ m 2 –Building D: office€ m 2 Which buildings do you compare to?

Some Types of Benchmarks and Indices Energy Cost Index (ECI) – Cost/Area Energy Utilization Index (EUI)- BTU’s/area Electric Consumption – kWh/Area Load Factor – Average Demand/Peak Demand Energy Intensity – BTU’s/use

Energy Cost Index (ECI) and Energy Utilization Index (EUI) Low ECI and Low EUI - The building is energy efficient and has normal utility rates Low ECI and High EUI - The building is energy inefficient and has low utility rates High ECI and Low EUI - The building is energy efficient and has high utility rates High ECI and High EUI - The building is energy inefficient and has normal utility rates Sample Building12,92 €/m BTUs/m 2 Building A: office 11,3 €/m BTUs/m 2 Building B: office16,15 €/m BTUs/m 2 Building C: hospital40,19 €/m BTUs/m 2 Building D: office9,69 €/m BTUs/m 2

Electric Consumption Electric Consumption – kWh/Area Sample Building215 kWh/m 2 Building A: office 188 kWh/m 2 Building B: office269 kWh/m 2 Building C: hospital646 kWh/m 2 Building D: office161 kWh/m 2

Load Factor Load Factor = kWh / (time X kW) High – Used during unoccupied periods Example: Annual Consumption: kWh Annual Demand:700 kW Load Factor:

Energy Intensity Energy Intensity: The ratio of energy consumption to a measure of the demand for services –Segment –Number of buildings –Total floor space –Floor space-hours –Number of employees The more factors you incorporate…the more confidence in results

Energy Intensity by Building Type

Why Energy Intensity? Data available Trusted sources Credible International

Practice Problem: A Comparison Sample: Office Building using € per year and m 2 Other buildings in Area –Building A: office € m 2 –Building B: office € m 2 –Building C: hospital€ m 2 –Building D: office€ m 2 SampleABCD Consumption (kWh) Cost (€) Area (m 2)

Problem: Continued SampleABCD BTU’s/ m €/ m 2 12,9211,3016,1540,199,69 kWh/ m SampleABCD Energy Intensity (kWh/ m 2) Target Energy Use Possible Savings (kWh)

Summary Types of Energy Efficiency Indicators –Energy Cost Index (ECI) – Cost/Area –Energy Utilization Index (EUI)- BTU’s/area –Electric Consumption – kWh/Area –Load Factor – Average Demand/Peak Demand –Energy Intensity

Key Points Know what you are comparing Know where your indices is coming from Use trusted data Use more than one index or benchmark if possible For Energy Intensity, use more than one factor

Now you can Define energy benchmark and indices List major types of energy efficiency indicators Compare a facility to a benchmark to determine if using more or less energy than benchmark Define Energy Intensity and why it is used

For more information EUI and ECU – Load Factor - business/energy/load/load.aspx business/energy/load/load.aspx Energy Intensity – – – – =795&docID=-1http:// =795&docID=-1