W a v e Mildred van der ZwanArchitect - TUDelft Valerie OuEngineer – Stanford Diego AvilesConstruction Manager - Stanford Daniel KwonApprentice – Stanford Brooke BarrettOwner Winter Presentation Wave Team 2001

W a v e Architectural Requirements Winter Presentation Location:Atlantic coast, Canada Temperature: not warmer than 31C / 88F not colder than –10C / -14F Precipitation:rain: 59 inches / 1500 mm snow: 107 inches / 272 cm Soil: bedrock, better no basement

W a v e Structural Requirements Design wind speed, V 33 = 80mph Design snow load: Load case 1: 60psf Load case 2: 50psf Soil: bedrock Winter Presentation

W a v e A E C N E W D E S I G N 1 Winter Presentation

Vision School 2015 Modern technology Integration of laptop / mobiles / internet Flexible workplaces Central areas for interaction Share experience Ocean View W a v e Winter Presentation

W a v e Winter Presentation Functional Spaces Auditorium Large class rooms Small class rooms Largest circulation Amount of people Floor 1 LAB Seminars Computer Student offices Middle circulation Floor 1 / 2 Faculty offices Secretaries Chair office Less circulation Same people Floor 3 Lounge Storage Lounge = meeting place = student and teachers All spaces which should have ocean view…

W a v e Winter Presentation New Design 1: Concept

W a v e Winter Presentation New Design 1: Floor plan entrance = ocean side

W a v e Winter Presentation New Design 1: Section

W a v e Winter Presentation New Design 1: 3D model Entrance from sea side Entrance C- E:discussion about glass..

New Design 1: Structural Alternative 1: Concrete Floor 1 Floor 2 Moment resisting frame 6” Post tension slab in large classroom 8” reinforced flat slab 6m 18” square column 32”X32”Post tension beam 18” square beam 1’ Shear wall W a v e Winter Presentation

1 st Floor 2 nd Floor 3 rd Floor Provide column free auditorium Some interior columns minor space adjustments New Design 1: Architectural/structural floor plans W a v e Public Space intrusion

Winter Presentation New Design 1: Structural Alternative 1: foundation Strip footing for perimeter columns and shear walls Width=1m Spread footings for interior columns 1mX1m square W a v e

New Design 1: Structural Alternative 1: Load Paths Winter Presentation GLP LLP Slab rebarcolumnsfoundations Shear wall/ beam-column framefoundations Gravity Load Path: Lateral Load Path:

W a v e New Design 1: Structural Alternative 1 Connection Details Winter Presentation Fiber reinforced grout for connecting rebar Steel cables penetrate column and anchored

W a v e New Design 1: Structural Alternative 2 (Steel) Winter Presentation Moment resisting frame w/ bracing system 3” 20GA composite slab Braced frame Double Angel 6X4X3/8 or Tube Moment resisting connection W18X35 Beam W24X84 Girder

Winter Presentation New Design 1: Structural Alternative 2 Load paths L ess space intrusion Matching architectural/ structural grid Flexible space arrangement 3 rd Floor 2 nd Floor 1 st Floor W a v e

Winter Presentation LLP Gravity load path: BeamGirderColumns Lateral load path: BeamBraceColumns Foundation GirderConnectionColumnsFoundation New Design 1: Structural Alternative 2 Load paths

W a v e New Design 1: Structural Alternative 2 Connections Winter Presentation Typical Moment resisting connection Gusset Plate / bolt connection

W a v e New Design 1: Structural Alternative 2 Connections Winter Presentation W a v e New Design 1: Structural Alternative 2 Connections Winter Presentation Typical Moment resisting connection Gusset Plate / bolt connection

W a v e New Design 1: Special Connections Winter Presentation 14 Sloped reinforced slab to beam connection Alternative 1 Sloped composite slab to beam connection Alternative 2

W a v e Winter Presentation New Design 1: Roof Bolts with fiber reinforced grout for concrete beam connection Angle clip with weld and bolts for steel girder connection

Construction Issues Floor Elevation Winter Presentation W a v e

New Design 1: Alternative 1 Concrete Solution Estimate Winter Presentation W a v e $438,353 $3,613,5735,296,488

New Design 1: Alternative 1 Concrete Solution Schedules Winter Presentation W a v e Week 5 Milestone 1 Milestone 2 Milestone 3 Week 18 Week 24 Week 36Week 28 Week 44 Milestone 2Milestone 1 Milestone 3

New Design 1: Alternative 2 Steel Solution Estimate Winter Presentation W a v e $549,800 $3,942,427$5,625,341

New Design 1: Alternative 2 Steel Solution Schedules Winter Presentation W a v e Milestone 1 Week 5 Milestone 2 Milestone 3 Week 24 Week 18 Week 24 Milestone 1 Week weeks Milestone 2 Milestone 3

W a v e Winter Presentation Traditional from there… Using local materials More integration A and E Introduce corridor Grid 6 x 6m Corridor Horizontal – vertical circulation Division New Design 2: Concept

New Design 2: Floor plan entrance = ocean side W a v e Winter Presentation

New Design 2: Section W a v e Winter Presentation central area E structure

W a v e Winter Presentation entrance Floor 1 Floor 2 Floor 3 New Design 2: 3D Model

W a v e Winter Presentation New Design 2: Facade

W a v e Winter Presentation New Design 2: Materials

W a v e Winter Presentation Steel Moment resisting frame 3” 20GA Composite slab 12m girder, column/column span Moment resisting connection W18X35 Beam W24X84 12m W14X82 Column New Design 2: Structural Alternative 1

Winter Presentation Auditorium Offices 3 rd Floor1 ST Floor 2 nd Floor W a v e Provide column free auditorium Minimize # of columns maximize view, less visual intrusion Columns hidden in partition wall Auditorium New Design 2: Architectural/Structural floor plans Column!!

W a v e Winter Presentation GLP LLP GLP New Design 2: Structural Alternative 1 Load paths Gravity load path: BeamGirder Foundation Lateral load path: Girder/beamConnectionColumnFoundation Column

W a v e Winter Presentation New Design 2: Structural solution-- Foundation Strip footing for perimeter columns width=1m Spread footings for interior columns 2mX2m square

W a v e New Design 2: Alternative 2 Winter Presentation 18’’ square column Post tension beam or 36”X36” square reinforced beam Moment resisting frame 8” reinforced slab 36”X36” column 6m Slab beam ?

Winter Presentation W a v e Winter Presentation New Design 2:Architectural/Structural floor plan Few space intrusions Makes use of columns for architecture purpose 3 rd Floor 2 nd Floor 1 st Floor

W a v e Winter Presentation GLP LLP New Design 2: Structural Alternative 2 Load paths Gravity load path: RebarColumnsFoundations Lateral load path: BeamConnectionColumnFoundations

New Design 2: Structural solution—Connection detail Continuous rebar from beam to column W a v e

Winter Presentation Ultra span light weight steel truss 3’-4’ typical span between trusses Bolt connections to concrete girder Weld/bolt connection to steel beam New Design 2: Structural solution: Roof E C

New Design 2: Alternative 1 Concrete Solution Estimate Winter Presentation W a v e $387,200 $3,405,566$5,017,216

New Design 2: Alternative 1 Concrete Solution Schedules Winter Presentation W a v e Week 32 Week 20 Week 42 2 weeks Week 14 Week 22 Milestone 1

New Design 2: Alternative 2 Steel Solution Estimate Winter Presentation W a v e $50 $3,538,240$5,149,890 $3,538,240$5,149,890 $387,200

New Design 2: Alternative 2 Steel Solution Schedules Winter Presentation W a v e Week 2 Milestone 1 Milestone 2 Week 12 Milestone 3 Week 20 Milestone 3 Week 30 Milestone 2 Milestone 1 40 weeksWeek 20

W a v e A E C R E D E S I G N Winter Presentation

W a v e Winter Presentation Re Design: Concept Using same industrial construction materials Same look for the building Better the design No basement How to add? Gym1000 SF? Cafeteria800 SF? E: start with idea of cantilever…. A-E-C: what is a gym?

W a v e Winter Presentation Re Design: Floor plan Café open space in wide Gym floor 1: heavy loads Basement only large classrooms entrance

Structural Requirements W a v e Redesign: Structural Solution Winter Presentation Steel structure: Cantilever, extension and addition of beam No major resizing of structural members Extended area

Redesign: Structural Solution Winter Presentation W a v e Moment resisting connection at column Simple connection at girders

Redesign: Steel Solution Estimate Winter Presentation W a v e $5, $584,950 $3,720512

Redesign: Steel Solution Schedules Winter Presentation W a v e Week 12 Milestone 2 Milestone 3 Milestone 1 Week 2 Week 24 Week 20 Milestone 1 Week 40 Week 28

Summary of Alternatives Winter Presentation W a v e

Summary of Alternatives Winter Presentation W a v e

Equipment Requirements Mobile Crane (40 or 150 ton) Hydraulic Excavator Concrete Pump Truck Dump Truck Hydraulic Hammerhead Material Handler Winter Presentation

W a v e General Site Layout (L-shape) Winter Presentation

W a v e General Site Layout (square-shape) Winter Presentation

W a v e Matrix Winter Presentation ArchitectEngineerCM New Design 1 Undeveloped circulation High Tech Clear structural grid Possible difficulty casting slope slab Excavation required for Auditorium High cost of the exterior (glass) Possible savings by exposing slab New Design 2 Good organization, elegant, interesting for good detail Structure integrated with architecture No visual intrusion to architectural components High learning curve due to the symmetry of the structure No excavation required for auditorium

W a v e Team Process Winter Presentation Team Dynamics: Interaction with owner: Freedom of design Very busy Interaction with team: Initial communication difficulty due to language, technology barriers Improved AEC interaction Team Process – Iteration: Redesign: E > A> C> Alternative 1: A> E> C> A> E>A Alternative 2: A-E> C> A> E> A>

W a v e Winter Presentation Recommended: Alternative 2 Steel Solution

W a v e Winter Presentation Challenges Planing and measurement of progress Better organization of webspace Optimize interaction between disciplines