Fossil Fuels Coal Petroleum Oil Natural Gas
Coal Primarily used for heat (25%) and electricity generation (75%) 40% of world’s electricity (25% of NW electricity) Reserves estimated to by kg (Over 100,000 x BTU) (300 yrs at current rate) Fastest growing energy source in the world
Coal Formation Terrestrial plant remains Solar energy trapped by photosynthesis
Peat
Coal Lignite Bituminous Coal Anthracite Peat Increasing Temperature and Pressure Increase Carbon Content: Cleaner Burning
Coal Deposits
Coal Extraction Strip Mine Underground
Petroleum Gaseous & Liquid Fossil Fuels Hydrocarbons: 1.C-H bonds contain a lot of energy 2.Versatile 3.Relatively easy to extract (as crude oil) 4.Refined Heavy Light
Uses Ink ハ Dishwashing liquids ハ Paint brushes ハ Telephones ハ Toys ハ Unbreakable dishes ハ Insecticides ハ Antiseptics ハ Dolls ハ Car sound insulation ハ Fishing lures ハ Deodorant ハ Tires ハ Motorcycle helmets ハ Linoleum ハ Sweaters ハ Tents ハ Refrigerator linings ハ Paint rollers ハ Floor wax ハ Shoes ハ Electrician's tape ハ Plastic wood ハ Model Car Glue ハ Roller-skate wheels ハ Trash bags ハ Soap dishes ハ Skis ハ Permanent press clothes ハ Hand lotion ハ Clothesline ハ Dyes ハ Soft contact lenses ハ Shampoo ハ Panty hose ハ Cameras ハ Food preservatives ハ Fishing rods ハ Oil filters ハ Combs ハ Transparent tape ハ Anesthetics ハ Upholstery ハ Dice ハ Disposable diapers ハ TV cabinets ハ Cassettes ハ Mops ハ Sports car bodies ハ Salad bowls ハ House paint ハ Purses ハ Electric blankets ハ Awnings ハ Ammonia ハ Dresses ハ Car battery cases ハ Safety glass ハ Hair curlers ハ Pajamas ハ Synthetic rubber ハ VCR tapes ハ Eyeglasses ハ Pillows ハ Vitamin capsules ハ Movie film ハ Ice chests ハ Candles ハ Rubbing alcohol ハ Loudspeakers ハ Ice buckets ハ Boats ハ Ice cube trays ハ Credit cards ハ Fertilizers ハ Crayons ハ Insect repellent ハ Water pipes ハ Toilet seats ハ Caulking ハ Roofing shingles ハ Fishing boots ハ Life jackets ハ Balloons ハ Shower curtains ハ Garden hose ハ Golf balls ハ Curtains ハ Plywood adhesive ハ Umbrellas ハ Detergents ハ Milk jugs ハ Beach umbrellas ハ Rubber cement ハ Sun glasses ハ Putty ハ Faucet washers ハ Cold cream ハ Bandages ハ Tool racks ハ Antihistamines ハ Hair coloring ハ Nail polish ハ Slacks ハ Drinking cups ハ Guitar strings ハ False teeth ハ Yarn ハ Petroleum jelly ハ Toothpaste ハ Golf bags ハ Roofing ハ Tennis rackets ハ Toothbrushes ハ Perfume ハ Luggage ハ Wire insulation ハ Folding doors ハ Shoe polish ハ Fan belts ハ Ballpoint pens ハ Shower doors ハ Cortisone ハ Carpeting ハ Artificial turf ハ Heart valves ハ LP records ハ Lipstick ハ Artificial limbs ハ Hearing aids ハ Vaporizers ハ Aspirin ハ Shaving cream ハ Wading pools ハ Parachutes ハ Asphalt…and fuel (gas, propane, etc.)
Edwin Drake: Titusville, PA (1859)
“Rock Oil” replaced… …Whale Oil. Currier & Ives
Oil Formation 1. Source Rock Shallow Ocean Foram
Oil Formation 1. Source Rock 0°C 100°C Organics (Forams, etc.) Kerogen Tar, Paraffin, Wax Crude Oil Natural Gas Smaller, simpler compounds
Oil Formation 2. Reservoir Rock 1. Source Rock
Oil Formation 2. Reservoir Rock 3. Cap Rock 1. Source Rock Oil Traps
Oil Formation 2. Reservoir Rock No Cap Rock 1. Source Rock Tar Pits Most oil eventually escapes: Mostly in “younger” rocks
Oil Formation 2. Reservoir Rock 3. Cap Rock 1. Source Rock
Oil Field Los Angeles
L.A. Oil
Oil Consumption
Petroleum Deposits
Oil Imports
Peak Oil & Hubbert’s Peak
World Discoveries
Difference Between New Oil Discoveries and Consumption
World Peak Oil
Oil Reserves/Resources
Is there more Oil?