1 Studying with Technology Microsoft Excel By Ian Cole Lecturer in Information & Communication Technology Presentation modified by Ian Cole Dec 2006, from work created by Nancy Clark. original available at:

2 Before we start……. Please turn off your mobile phone

3 Mathematics

4 Session Plan Mathematics or Statistics The Median, the Mean, the Mode Introduction to Microsoft Excel Presentation Excel Workbook 1

5 Mathematical Terms Average: It usually refers to the (arithmetic) mean, but it can also signify the median, the mode, the geometric mean, and weighted means, and other things It is better to avoid it as it a bit vague. Mean or arithmetic mean: The sum of a list of numbers, divided by the total number of numbers in the list. Also called arithmetic mean Histogram: a histogram is a graphical display of tabulated frequencies.

6 Histogram Exam results

7 Mathematical Terms Median: The statistical median is the middle number of a group of numbers that have been arranged in order by size. If there is an even number of terms, the median is the mean of the two middle numbers: Mode: For lists, the mode is the most common (frequent) value. A list can have more than one mode. For histograms, a mode is a relative maximum

8 Mathematical Terms Range: The range is a set of numbers where the largest value in the set minus the smallest value in the set. Note that the range is a single number, not many numbers Total: A total is determining the overall sum of numbers or a quantity Multimodal distribution: A distribution with more than one mode. The histogram of a multimodal distribution has more than one "bump“

9 Multimodal distribution:

10 Statistics - Mean The mean is the average: Adding up a set of numbers then dividing by the sum of the total = 15 divide by 4 = 3.75 Mean (average) rounded to 4

11 Statistics - Mean What is the mean of these sets of numbers – use a calculator if you wish: 1. 19, 18, 22, 20, 26, 30 Average age of this group of students 2. 59, 25, 49, 35, 73 Student exam marks with an average pass of , 30, 53, 5, 82, 1, 3, 5,

12 Statistics - Median To find the median of a group of numbers: 1. Arrange the numbers in order by size 2. If there is an odd number of terms, the median is the centre term. 3. If there is an even number of terms, add the two middle terms and divide by 2. Example to find the Median of: 9, 3, 44, 17, 15 (Odd amount of numbers) Line up your numbers: 3, 9, 15, 17, 44 (smallest to largest) The Median is: 15 (The number in the middle)

13 Statistics - Median Find the Median of: 8, 3, 44, 17, 12, 6 (Even amount of numbers) Find the Median of: 8, 3, 44, 17, 12, (Odd amount of numbers) Find the Median of: 4, 23, 34, 12, 18, 9 (Even amount of numbers) Find the Median of: 88, 44, 10, 12, 5 (Odd amount of numbers)

14 Statistics - Mode The mode in a list of numbers is the number that occur most frequently. Example to find the mode of: 9, 3, 3, 44, 17, 17, 44, 15, 15, 15, 27, 40, 8, Put the numbers is order for ease: 3, 3, 8, 9, 15, 15, 15, 17, 17, 27, 40, 44, 44, The Mode is 15 (15 occurs the most at 3 times)

15 Statistics - Range The range is the smallest number subtracted from the largest number in your data set. if your set is 9, 3, 44, 15, 6 The range would be 44-3=41. Your range is 41.

16 What are Excel spreadsheets used for? Financial forecasting Statistical analysis Data collection Data manipulation Summarizing data Communicating data Budgets Research Assignment results Charts Student timetables In assignments

17 Spreadsheet Construction Columns (letters) Rows (numbers) Worksheets Cells (E10) Cell Address

18 Mousing Around a Cell Highlight/Select Move Contents Copies Contents Mon Tue

19 Cell Formats Words Numbers # decimal places £ and $ % Days/Dates Formulas Calculations… $ % 5-Mar-02 5-Mar 3/5/2002 STUDENT =B2+C2-D4

20 Formulas =A2+B2+C2 =SUM(A2:AS2) $29.00 $1, Formula Results AutoSum

21 Formulas =Today() Average(range) Count(range) Max(range) IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false) =IF(F3>89,"A",IF(F3>79,"B",IF(F3>69,"C","F"))) Formulas can be Filled Down Insert menu, Function…, Help on this function Column (C2:C80) Row (B2:AK2) Block (A2:G50) =SUM Function Range (A2:AS2)

22 More on Cell Formats Alignment Word wrap Orientation Shrink to fit Font

23 More on Cell Formats Width Height

24 Merging and Splitting Add to Formating Toolbar Highlight cells to merge Click Merge Button Unmerge

25 Copying and Pasting Highlight cells Hit Copy (CTRL-C) Dotted lines Click on target cell Top of area Hit Paste (CTRL-V) Unless still dotted not in Clipboard CTRL to select multiple targets

26 Sorting Data Entire worksheet of tabular data with headings Data menu, Sort… Small section of worksheet Highlight section Hit sort button

27 Charts Visual representations of data Select Data Insert menu, Chart…

28 Charts – Step 1

29 Charts – Step 2

30 Charts – Step 3

31 Charts – Step 4

32 Charts – Final

33 Printing Always Print Preview Page Setup Select Print Area Highlight area File, Set Print Area File, Clear Print Area

34 Insert Excel Spreadsheets Word or PowerPoint Copy and Paste Use Insert Microsoft Excel Worksheet button Double click on table or chart Calls up Excel

35 What happens next This afternoon ‘Excel’ workbook 1. Next session Excel Formulas and Functions ‘Excel workbook 2. Presentation modified by Ian Cole Dec 2006, from work created by Nancy Clark. original available at: