Peavine, Emory Loco (Astragalus emoryanus) Annual legume with a slender taproot and slender stems growing close to the ground. Toxic agents are myserotoxin and 3-nitro-1-propanol. Toxic to cattle, sheep and goats.

Woolly Loco, Purple Loco Stout, many-branched perennial legume. Toxic to cattle, sheep, goats and particularly horses. Toxin is swainsonine, which causes enzyme dysfunction resulting in damage to the brain, liver, digestive organs, placenta and testes.

Garboncillo, Rattleweed (Astragalus wootonii) Also called Wooton loco, much-branched annual legume with erect, hairy stems. Toxic is swainsonine. Horses are particularly susceptible to garboncillo, cattle, sheep and goats may also develop garboncillo poisoning.

Mesquite Small to medium-height tree or shrub, thorny and single stemmed or branching near the ground. Mesquite beans primarily affect cattle, although goats also have been affected.

Twinleaf Senna (Senna roemeriana) Also called Roemer senna, an erect, gray perennial herb covered with short, soft hairs. The toxin involved is unknown, primarily to cattle, goats and probably horses. Sheep are highly resistant.

Texas Mountain Laurel, Mescal Bean (Sophora secundiflora) Mescal bean is a woody evergreen shrub less than 10’ tall or, in limited areas, a tree up to 35’ tall. Toxic agent are quinolizidine-structured alkaloids in mescal bean. Sheep and goats are poisoned under range conditions, cattle have been susceptible in feeding experiments.

Flowers and fruit