Physical Implementations Many physical implementations carry traffic across the WAN Needs vary, depending on the: – distance of the equipment from the service –speed, and –actual service

WAN Physical Layer HDLC PPP Frame Relay ISDN BRI (with PPP) EIA/TIA-232 EIA/TIA-449 X.21 V.24 V.35 HSSI RJ-45 NOTE: Pinouts are different than RJ-45 used on campus

Serial Connections Serial connections used to support WAN services are: Leased lines running Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) Frame Relay encapsulations at Layer 2

Serial Line Speeds Speeds of serial connections typically range from: 56 Kbps to T1/E /2.048 Mbps

ISDN ISDN BRI (Basic Rate Interface) is composed of Two 64 Kbps Bearer channels for data One Delta channel at 16 Kbps for signaling, and other link-management tasks

WAN Serial Connection CSU/DSU DCE (Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment) DTE (Data Terminal Equipment End User Device Service Provider

Router Connections EIA/TIA-232 EIA/TIA-449 V.35 X.21 EIA-530

Distance Comparisons Data in bpsDistance (Meters) EIA/TIA-232 Distance (Meters) EIA/TIA , , , ,2003.7N/A T1 (1,544,000 bpsN/A15

Connector Types In addition to determining cable type, it is necessary to determine whether DTE or DCE connectors are required DTE is the endpoint of the user’s device on the WAN link DCE is end point where responsibility for delivering data passes into hands of service provider

Router is DTE DTE DCE Modem CSU/DSU DTE DCE DTE S S S S S S Router connecting directly to a service provider Router connecting to a device that will perform signal clocking

Router is DCE If back-to-back routers are configured in a test environment – one of the routers is a DCE and the other is a DTE

Serially Connected Routers When cabling routers for serial connectivity, routers will either have a fixed or modular port Fixed Ports –Figure 2-14, Page 59 of the ICND book shows fixed serial ports Serial 1 and Serial 2 –Configure with, such as “serial 0” or “serial 1” Modular Ports –Figure 2-15, Page 61 shows modular serial ports –Configure using /, such as “serial 1/0”

Other Serial Conventions 7500 series routers can have a virtual processor Designation of these ports would include VIP slot: / / Example is serial 1/0/0

ISDN BRI With BRI, the following two types of interfaces can be used: –BRI S/T –BRI/U To determine which type you need, first determine whether you or the service provider will provide NT1 device

NT1 Device NT1 is an intermediate device between router and service provider’s ISDN switch It is used to connect four-wire subscriber wiring to the conventional two-wire loop NT1 refers to network termination type 1 device In North America, NT1 is normally provided by customer In the rest of the world, service provider provides NT1 device

U and S/T Interfaces If you need to provide NT1 device, use ISDN BRI with U interface If provider suplies an external NT1 device, router needs iSDN BRI S/T interface You need to determine which interface is needed when router is purchased Determine which type of ISDN connector is needed by looking at port label (see Figure 2-16)

Caution ISDN BRI uses voltages that can seriously damage non-ISDN devices Connect cable from ISDN BRI port only to –ISDN jack –ISDN switch

Console Connections In order to configure Cisco devices, a management connection is necessary directly to the device Management attachment is called a console port Console port enables monitoring and configuring of: –hub –switch –router

Console Configuration PC Device with console RJ-45 to RJ-45 Rollover Cable RJ-45 to DB-9 Adaptor Labeled Terminal

Rollover Cable Rollover cable has different pinouts than straight- through or crossover RJ-45 cables used with Ethernet or ISDN BRI Pinout for rollover is: 1 – 8 2 – 7 3 – 6 4 – 5 5 – 4 6 – 3 7 – 2 8 – 1

Caution Not all Cisco devices use a rollover cable to connect a console port to a PC Rollover is most common and is used with: –Router series: 1600, 2500, 2600, and 3600 –Switch series: 1900 and 2820 CHECK YOUR DOCUMENTATION RATHER THAN MAKE ANY ASSUMPTIONS!

Console Setup Step 1: Cable device using rollover cable – An RJ-45 to DB-9 or RJ-to DB-25 adapter may be necessary Step 2: Configure terminal emulation application with following COM port settings: 9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control – This provides out-of-band console access