Read article by Anne Treisman. Reflexive Orienting Attention can be automatically “summoned” to a location at which an important event has occurred: –Loud.

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Presentation transcript:

Read article by Anne Treisman

Reflexive Orienting Attention can be automatically “summoned” to a location at which an important event has occurred: –Loud noise –Motion –New Object We call this attentional capture Transients

Reflexive Orienting What are some examples of reflexive orienting? –Posner Cue-Target Paradigm with a stimulus cue (i.e. non-symbolic) at 50% validity –Yantis “New Object” paradigm

Reflexive Orienting What are some examples of voluntary orienting?

Attention and Consciousness Sensory information must be attended for it to be entered into awareness

Attention and Consciousness The attention orienting mechanism can be confused leading to something called “change blindness”

Attention and Consciousness Change blindness –Change blindness shows us that the feeling of being in a detailed visual environment is really just an illusion –We only have access to the parts of the scene to which we have attended

Attention and Consciousness Change blindness –Change blindness shows us that the feeling of being in a detailed visual environment is really just an illusion –We only have access to the parts of the scene to which we have attended –And that is often not very much!

Visual Search: finding a single item in a cluttered visual scene

Visual Search Visual Search: finding a single item in a cluttered visual scene

Visual Search Is there a green square?

Visual Search Is there a green square?

Visual Search Parallel search: like many independent spotlights

Visual Search Serial search: each item is selected until target is found

Visual Search Serial search: each item is selected until target is found

Visual Search Serial search: each item is selected until target is found

Visual Search Serial search: each item is selected until target is found

Visual Search How could you test which kind of search was happening?

Visual Search Search Slope: How long per item?

Visual Search Search Slope: How long per item?

Visual Search Search Slope: How long per item?

Visual Search Parallel search - search time is independent of distracter number

Visual Search Search slope for color singletons is flat. What does this tell us about color and attention?

Visual Search Search slope for shape singletons is flat. What does this tell us about shape and attention?

Visual Search Conjunction search: NOT FLAT!

Visual Search Serial Search - linear increase in search time with number of distractors

Visual Search Search Slopes can be flat for targets defined by: –color –orientation –curvature –motion –depth What does this imply about these features ?

Next Time Article by Anne Treisman