CSC 450/550 Part 2: The Physical Layer. CSC 450/550 Summary (1)Transmission medium (2)* Switching (3)The Nyquist limit (4)The Shannon limit.

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Presentation transcript:

CSC 450/550 Part 2: The Physical Layer

CSC 450/550 Summary (1)Transmission medium (2)* Switching (3)The Nyquist limit (4)The Shannon limit

CSC 450/550 (1) Transmission Medium Guided Transmission Medium Magnetic Media Twisted Pair Coaxial Cable Fiber Optics Unguided Transmission Medium (wireless transmission) Radio Infrared Ultrasound …

CSC 450/550 (2.1) Circuit Switching (a) Circuit switching. (b) Packet switching.

CSC 450/550 (2.2) Message Switching (a) Circuit switching (b) Message switching (c) Packet switching

CSC 450/550 (2.3) A Comparison A comparison of circuit switched and packet-switched networks.

CSC 450/550 (3) The Nyquist Limit For a noiseless channel, the maximum data rate is: 2H log 2 V bits/sec,where H is the channel bandwidth (in Hz) and V is the number of discrete levels of the signal.

CSC 450/550 (4) The Shannon Limit The maximum data rate of a noisy channel whose bandwidth is H Hz, and whose signal-to-noise ratio is S/N, is given by H log 2 (1+S/N).