LINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS Ali Karimpour Assistant Professor Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.

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LINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS Ali Karimpour Assistant Professor Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Lecture 17 Topics to be covered include: v Property and construction of complete root loci. (Cont.) v Effect of adding poles and zeros on root locus. v Root contour. Root Locus Technique

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov مثال 1 : مکان کامل ریشه ها را در سیستم زیر بیابید. Example 1:ِ Draw the complete root loci of following system. Rule 1: Specify the equation exactly in the standard form. قانون اول : سیستم را دقیقا بصورت زیر استاندارد کنید.

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Rule 2: Specify the poles and zeros of f(s). The root loci lie on the poles of f(s) for k=0 and lie on the zeros of f(s) for k=±∞ قانون 2 : قطب و صفرهای f(s) را مشخص کنید. مکان ریشه در k=0 روی قطبهای f(s) و در k=±∞ روی صفرهای f(s) قرار دارد. Example 1:

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Rule 3: Define the real axis section for positive and negative value of k. قانون 3 : محور حقیقی را برای مقادیر مثبت و منفی k مشخص کنید Example 1:

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Rule 4: Find the asymptotes and centered of asymptotes. قانون 4 : مجانبها و محل تلاقی مجانبها. Example 1:

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Rule 5: Find the break point. قانون 5 : نقطه شکست را بیابید. Example 1:

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Rule 6: Find the cross of root locus with imaginary axis قانون 6 : نقطه تلاقی با محور موهومی ? We need another rule. به قانون دیگری نیاز داریم.

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov نحوه رسم مکان ریشه ها The Root Locus procedure Rule 7: Find the arrival angles and departure angles. قانون 7 : زوایای ورود و خروج را تعیین کنید. D eparture angles. Arrival angles.

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Rule 7: Find the arrival angles and departure angles. قانون 7 : زوایای ورود و خروج را تعیین کنید.

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Rule 7: Find the arrival angles and departure angles. قانون 7 : زوایای ورود و خروج را تعیین کنید.

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov rlocus([10 30],[ ]);hold on; rlocus([ ],[ ]); Example 1:

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov محاسبه k روی مکان ریشه Calculation of k on the Root Loci Condition of magnitude

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Summary Rule 1: Specify the equation exactly in the form. Rule 5: Find the break point. Rule 6: Find the cross of root locus with imaginary axis by Routh Hurwitz criteria. Rule 3: Define the real axis section for positive and negative value of k. Rule 2: Specify the poles and zeros of f(s). The root loci lie on the poles of f(s) for k=0 and lie on the zeros of f(s) for k=±∞ Rule 4: Find the asymptotes and centered of asymptotes. Rule 7: Find the arrival angles and departure angles.

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov مکان ریشه ها Root locus Root locus, shows the position of roots of above equation for different values of k مکان ریشه ها، موقعیت ریشه های معادله فوق را بر حسب مقادیر مختلف k نشان می دهد. + - c1c1 e r Suppose: Closed loop system is: Characteristic equation is:

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Adding poles and zeros to open loop transfer function اضافه کردن صفر و قطب به تابع انتقال حلقه باز Adding zero to open loop transfer function + - c1c1 e r - c2c2 e r - c2c2 e r Adding pole to open loop transfer function

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Adding poles to open loop transfer function اضافه کردن قطب به تابع انتقال حلقه باز -a 0 -b 0

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Adding zeros to open loop transfer function اضافه کردن صفر به تابع انتقال حلقه باز -a 0 -b 0

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov کانتور ریشه ها ( تغییرات چند پارامتر ) Root contour (Multiple parameter variation ( k 1 and k 2 are parameters Suppose: Remember root loci Step 1: Put one variable equal to zero. Let us k 2 =0 Step 2: Restore the value of k 2

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Example 2: Draw the root contour for following system. مثال 2 : کانتور ریشه ها را برای سیستم زیر بیابید. Step 1: Let k 2 =0 then 0.5 k 1 =0 k1=∞k1=∞ Angles of departure is: θ k1=∞k1=∞ k1=∞k1=∞ Asymptotes are:

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Example 2: Draw the root contour for following system. مثال 2 : کانتور ریشه ها را برای سیستم زیر بیابید. Step 2: Restore the value of k 2 k 1 =0 k1=∞k1=∞ k1=∞k1=∞ k1=∞k1=∞ Let: k 1 =0 Let: k 1 =1 Let: k 1 =10

Lecture 17 Ali Karimpour Nov Exercises تمرینها 1 A unity feedback ( negative sign ) control system has an open loop transfer function Sketch the complete root loci, and find the corresponding k when the root loci crosses jw axis. 2 The open loop transfer function of a unity-feedback (negative sign) system with PD controller is: Sketch the root loci for different values of K p and K d. (Let Kp=0,1,5,10.) 1 A unity feedback ( negative sign ) control system has an open loop transfer function Sketch the complete root loci, and find the corresponding k when the root loci crosses jw axis.