SOEE2102 – Geophysical Field Trip and Tutorials Malham Tarn (North Yorkshire) October 2009 Refraction Analysis Sebastian Rost University of Leeds 2009.

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SOEE2102 – Geophysical Field Trip and Tutorials Malham Tarn (North Yorkshire) October 2009 Refraction Analysis Sebastian Rost University of Leeds 2009

Traveltime Curves

Peaceful Nuclear Explosions

Traveltime Curves

At critical distance: r = 90   i c = critical angle

Courtesy of M. Thorne (Univ. Utah) Seismic Wavefield and Seismic Raypaths

Traveltimes Direct wave: (from velocity = distance / time ) x

Refracted Wave: Snell’s Law

Different ways to express the refracted traveltime curve Intercept time

Crossover distance: T direct = T refracted X cross > 2z

Field Experiment

Shot point geometries 12 element geophone spread Possible shot point locations

Off end reverse shot

Sat On end Forward

Sat On end reverse

Traveltime picks (from Claritas)

Traveltime Curves

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