Development of Darwin’s idea. An example of natural selection The premises 1. Populations exhibit phenotypic variation. 2. The phenotypic variation.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Darwinian natural selection The logic of The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.

Advertisements

Copyright Notice! This PowerPoint slide set is copyrighted by Ross Koning and is thereby preserved for all to use from plantphys.info for as long as that.

An example of natural selection The premises 1. Phenotypic variation in a population. 2. Phenotypic variation has a genetic component 3. Differential reproductive.

The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. Who wrote this (1858)? –“It occurred to me to ask the question, why do some die and some live. – And the answer.

Chapter 1: Adaptation by Natural Selection  What is an Adaptation? Structures that are designed by Natural Selection Adaptations provide solutions to.

Darwinian Natural Selection – Pt. 2 Natural selection –beak size in Darwin’s medium ground finch, Geospiza fortis The nature of natural selection.

Influence of geological thinking on Darwin By time of “The Beagle” voyage idea that Earth was young was being challenged. Opposition based on principle.

Review: Galápagos Islands plate motion subduction zone.

Genes Within Populations

New Unit: EVOLUTION. Evolution Continued: Adaptation Natural Selection & Artificial Selection.

A Closer Look At Darwin’s Idea of Natural Selection

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

End Show 16-3 The Process of Speciation Slide 1 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 16-3 The Process of Speciation Natural selection and chance events.

17.3 The Process of Speciation

Charles Darwin and Natural Selection His Ideas and What Shaped Them Chapter 10.

Finch Beaks and Natural Selection By: Johnny B. Goode Warbler Finch.

SC B-5.4: Explain how genetic variability and environmental factors lead to biological evolution. SPECIATION.

Darwin’s 4 Postulates of the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection part 1 [15.3] SPI 2 Recognize the relationship between form and function in living.

Chip's story on island 1 Cip Chip has got many children but only those with the longer and thicker beak can eat fish and large fruit trees. Others cannot.

Evolution. The change in the genetic makeup of a population over time is evolution.

Mr. Altorfer Science How Does Evolution Happen? Pages 174 to179.

Standard 8—Evolution Speciation. Standard 8 Vocabulary Diversity Speciation Gradualism Punctuated Equilibrium Adaptive Radiation Divergent Evolution Polyploidy.

10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution KEY CONCEPT There were theories of biological and geologic change before Darwin.

Lecture 3. Evolution. Alfred Russel Wallace “On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle.

Essential idea: The diversity of life has evolved and continues to evolve by natural selection. By Chris Paine The image.

Do Now Bacillus thuringienses (Bt) bacteria produce a natural insecticide (kills insects). Widespread use of Bt has lead to Bt resistance among insects.

AP Biology Chapter 15 – Mechanisms of Evolution

 There are several scientists who observed and predicted the causes behind evolution.  Evolution- the development of new organisms from pre-existing.

PROCESSES OF EVOLUTION 1. What are species? 2. What are the processes of evolution? 3. How do these processes interact to bring about evolution as we.

Chapter 15 Section 1 finish. Charles Darwin Born Feb. 12, 1809 Naturalist Joined Crew of HMS Beagle, Year Voyage around world Astounded By Variety.

Charles Darwin and Natural Selection

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Populations are the units of evolution Figure 13.6.

Objectives: o Identify the condition necessary for a new species to evolve. o Describe the process of speciation in the Galapagos finches.

The image shows the changes of beak shape in the Galapagos finch to suit the different food sources available on different islands in the archipelago.

Essential idea: The diversity of life has evolved and continues to evolve by natural selection By Chris Paine The image.

13.1 What Is Biotechnology? Biotechnology is the use, and especially the alteration, of organisms, cells, or biological molecules to produce food, drugs,

7.5 On the Origin of Species Pages Charles Darwin On the origin of Species published in 1859.

5.2 Natural Selection. Understanding: Natural selection can only occur if there is variation amongst members of the same species  If all individuals.

Warm Up Contrast homologous and analogous characteristics.

HOW DOES EVOLUTION BY NATURAL SELECTION WORK? Can you see me? If not, Blame Darwin.

The Story of the Frigeaf.

History of Evolution Chapter 9. Which came first?

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection.

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 16-3 The Process of Speciation The Process of Speciation.

Data Point: Using Primary Literature to Teach Data Literacy What does it say? What does it mean?

Mechanisms of Evolution. Goal(s): 1) Understand the four mechanisms of evolution, how each causes evolution, how these mechanisms (potentially) interact.

Lesson Overview 17.3 The Process of Speciation Factors such as natural selection and genetic drift can change the relative frequencies of alleles in a.

5.2 Natural selection The image shows the changes of beak shape in the Galapagos finch to suit the different food sources available on different islands.

– Theodosius Dobzhansky (1973)

Evolution & Speciation

Schedule Cultural connection Pre-test Foraging for Candy Lunch

The Process of Speciation: Ch. 17.3

Aristotle natural history essentialism

DARWIN’S FINCHES © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS.

Topic 5.2 – Natural Selection

Topic 5.2 – Natural Selection

16-3 The Process of Speciation

5.2.U5 Individuals that are better adapted tend to survive and produce more offspring while the less well adapted tend to die or produce fewer offspring.

This is Evolution.

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Detecting the genetic component of phenotypic variation

The Process of Speciation

Detecting the genetic component of phenotypic variation

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection

Natural Selection and Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST

5.2 Natural selection The image shows the changes of beak shape in the Galapagos finch to suit the different food sources available on different islands.

Adaptations and Evolution

Schedule Cultural connection Pre-test Foraging for Candy Lunch

Presentation transcript:

Development of Darwin’s idea

An example of natural selection The premises 1. Populations exhibit phenotypic variation. 2. The phenotypic variation has a genetic component (can be inherited). 3. Differential reproductive success among members of the population. Survival and reproduction is, on-average, nonrandom 4. Phenotypic variation shifts between generations in response to a changing environment.

Adaptive radiation Galapagos finches

Medium ground finch Geospiza fortis generation time: 4.5 years life span c. 16 years

120 m N = c. 1,200 Research of Peter and Rosemary Grant: present Hot spot 7 cm/yr 4-5 my 2-3 my 1 my

1: Is the population phenotypically variable? Geospiza fortis

2: Is the variation heritable? (heritability: proportion of phenotypic variation due to genetic variation; c. 65%) Evolution!

1977: drought 130 mm precipitation dropped to 24 mm The base level natural selector Was there differential survival? Effect of natural selection

The interplay Seed abundance Number of finches The second level natural selector Seed characteristics of surviving plants

Had evolution taken place? Significant difference in beak size. Note: natural selection is always one generation behind the expression of modified phenotypes

Natural selection cannot anticipate future “needs” of a population Evolutionary change is based selection in the previous generation. 1. Parental population + environment (natural selectors) 2. Part of population selected to reproduce 3. Transmission of heritable characteristics to the new generation (e.g., size of the beak). – But the change was based on phenotypic variation among their parents.

: species originate by divergence from common ancestors Evolution tends to take a branching form.

Darwin’s 1859 illustration ( On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection )