From the Inside Out The zones of the Earth

The Earth as we see it But there is more than what meets the eye…

The Earth’s Layers Inside  Core  Mantle  Crust Outside  Troposphere  Stratosphere  Mesosphere  Thermosphere

The Core The Inner Core  Solid metal made of iron and some nickel  3,200-3,960 miles below the Earth’s surface  780 miles thick  9,032-10,832˙ F The Outer Core  Molten liquid of iron, nickel, & ≈ 10% of sulpher and oxygen  1,800-3,200 miles below the Earth’s surface  1,370 miles thick  7,200 -9,032˙ F

Why It’s Important  Creates the Earth’s magnetism  Creates “convection currents” from radiating heat wps.prenhall.com earth/sciber/erlayers.htm

The Mantle Lower/Inner  Solid rock made from sulphides & oxides of silicon & magnesium  Plastic like  190-1,800 miles below the Earth’s surface  Approx. 1,610 miles thick  Average temp. 5400˙ F Upper/Outer  Tough liquid rock of silicates of iron & magnesium  More brittle and thin then the lower mantle  miles below the surface  Top temp. ≈ 2520˚ F Bottom temp. ≈ 5400˚ F tle.htm

The Crust Oceanic Crust  Found below the ocean  4-7 miles thick  Made mainly out of basalt (formed out of lava that cools quickly)  Rocks are very young, about 200 million years old Continental Crust  Found underneath the continents  Average miles thick, with the deepest being 45 miles  Consist mainly of igneous rocks  Rocks here are about 3.8 billion years old 908D-DEB9B0217EA6/0/earth_cut.jpg

Troposphere  Begins at the Earth and is 4-12 miles high. (11-12 miles at the equator, 4 miles at the poles)  Made up of the perfect mixture of oxygen and nitrogen which is able to support life.  90% of the atmosphere is found here  This is where our weather is created as well as where planes fly  Latin for turning or change our-atmosphere.php

Stratosphere  miles above the earth’s surface  Where the ozone layer is found –Absorbs 97-99% of the sun’s ultraviolet light –Colorless gas that smells like burning electrical wire tml

Mesosphere  Found 53 miles above the Earth’s surface  Atmosphere is thin which doesn’t allow for much ultraviolet absorption which in turns causes the temp. to drop from 5˚F to -184˚F  Gases thick enough to slow down & burn up meteorites

Thermosphere  From the mesosphere up to 430 miles above the earth surface  Gases are increasingly thin that only high energy ultraviolet & x-ray radiation is absorbed which, causes the temp. to increase with height  Can reach 3,600˚ F  Due to lack of atmosphere to our skin the temp. would feel very cold Earths-atmosphere

Exosphere  miles above Earth’s atmosphere  Last layer before space  Atmospheric gases, atoms, molecules escape into space  Where satellites are found  where is the atmosphere where is the atmosphere mosphere_mural_jpg_image.html