PENICILLIN-G Dr.Hisham Abou-Auda by: muhammad T. AL-abdulmughni

MECHANISM OF ACTION  Penicillin-G inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).

THERAPEUTIC USES  actinomycin.  Anaerobic bacteria.  Anthrax.  Arthritis.  Bactremia.  Gonorrhea.  Clostridia infections…etc.

PHARMACOKINETIC  Absorption: (F) Oral: less than 30%.  DISTRIBUTION: 1-Vd=33 Liters. 2-TOTAL PROTEIN BINDING: 65%.  METABOLISM: By the Liver, 30%.

PHARMACOKINETIC (cont,) EXCRETION: 1-Kidney: 79% to 85%. 2-Liver: small amounts. HALF-LIFE: 1-normal: 20 to 50 minutes. 2-Renal failure: 1 to 10 hours.

THERAPEUTIC DOSE  Adult: 1-oral: 200,000 to 500,000 units every 4 to 6 hours. 2-intravenous(IV) and intramuscular(IM): it is depend on the bacterial infection microorganism.

THERAPEUTIC DOSE (cont,)  PEDIATRIC: 1-oral: (there are three dose) A- from 4167 to 15,000 Units/Kg/4 hr. B- from 6250 to 22,500 Units/Kg/6 hr. C- from 8333 to 30,000 Units/Kg/8 hr.

THERAPEUTIC DOSE (cont,)  PEDIATRIC (cont,): -Intravenous(IV) and intramuscular(IM): it is depend on the bacterial infection microorganism.

CONTRAINDICATIONS  History of anaphylaxis, accelerated or serum sickness reaction to previous penicillin administration.  patients with a history of penicillin or cephalosporin hypersensitivity reactions.

ADVERSE REACTIONS  Blood: anemia, granulocytoma, leukopnia.  CVS: myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, myocarditis.  CNS: muscular twitching, myoclonic jerks, convulsions, and encephalopathy.  Hypokalemia, hyperkalemia.  GIT: abdominal pain.

DRUG-DRUG INTERACTION:  Aminoglycosid.  Chloramphinicol.  Cimitidine.  Tetracycllin.  Colestipol.  Methotrexate.  Acetylcysteine.  Probenecid…etc.