Development of Japanese GIS Tool for use in the Humanities ○ Masatoshi ISHIKAWA †, Yoichi KAWANISHI ††, Hidefumi OKUMURA †††, Shoichiro HARA †††† † University of Shimane, †† Kyoto University, ††† Human ook, †††† National Institute for the Humanities PNC 2005 Annual Conference, Nov

Presentation Points 1.Introduction 2.Definitions 3.Functions of Geographical Information Sharing Systems 4.Geographical Information Sharing Model 5.System Architecture 6.View Model of Spatio-Temporal Information 7.Summary & Future Tasks

Introduction (1)  Using GIS widely in Humanities research  Digitizing historical maps, satellite images, research papers, historical documents ↓  Humanities research (History, Archeology) maps ， satellite images → GIS, Clearinghouse historical material, research papers → Digital Library, Digital Archives positioning data (GPS) → special viewer (e.g. car navigation system) → Is the research environment adequate?

Introduction (2)  Proposal Support more efficient research. 1.Data Integration (maps ， historical materials ， and GPS data) 2.Enable reuse of data, exchange data efficiently ↓  Development of an information sharing system based on a GIS tool and a Clearinghouse

Introduction (3)  Benefits Researchers will be able to find information more easily. There will be more exchanging of opinions and publishing of research results on the Internet.

Definitions  Geographical Information (GI) digital maps, historical maps, satellite images …  Non-geographical Information (NGI) historical documents, research papers, web pages, digital archives …  Moving Object Information (MOI) photographs, annotations including data from GPS devices …

Functions of the GISS(1) (1) Integrate geographical and non- geographical information by a linking mechanism that maps time and place terms in documents onto points on a map (2) Receive location data from GPS devices and display it on a map (3) Retrieve information from clearinghouses by a combination of time intervals, areas and keywords

Functions of GISS(2) (4) Annotate maps and share these annotations with other users (5) Edit geographical information such as creating a new layer, deleting an unnecessary layer, etc. （ 6 ） Save the results as a project

Geographical Information Sharing Model  Geographical Information Sharing System (GISS) is a Client/Server type system GISS server (users enter metadata onto server)  Geographical info → input directly by creator.  NGI → conversion of addresses (place names) to positions including metadata automatically  MOI → margin position data and data which was input previously. Client (users browse GI, NGI, MOI. )  WWW application → browsing data ， editing annotations  Standalone application → browsing data ， editing annotations, editing layers (GI) ， serving project and publishing projects via the GISS server

GIS Server (Clearinghouse, gazetteer and so on ) Mobil device (GPS) Geographical Information creator Client ( Web application) client (Standalone application) layers (GI) Submit MOI Internet (WWW) Submit NGI Submit GI by creator Request data, editing annotation Browsing GI, NGI, MOI Get GI files, etc Add layer Project file Saving a project Submit project

GISS system architecutre(1)  GISS server Clearinghouse  Managing metadata  Processing user queries Place name dictionary, period dictionary  For converting place names (e.g. Izumo) and period names (e.g. Edo), including documents containing positioning data

GISS system architecture(2) File server  Managing files (GI files, NGI files or MOI files) Profile database  Managing user profiles for user certification  Information about MOI registered in advance Metadata registration support system  Certify users  Validate metadata  Convert place names to positional data

GISS system archtecture(3)  Client GISS viewer (Web application)  IR, browsing GI, NGI and MOI  Editing annotations  Enable changing of layer properties. GISS viewer (Standalone application)  IR, browsing GI, NGI and MOI  Editing annotations  Editing layers  Project saving and publishing via the GISS server

Browsing model for GI, NGI, MOI  GISS Function  Map operation Zoom in/out, pan Layer operations (display/hide layers)  Time operation Time slide bar Animation creation ↓ A user can seamlessly browse GI, NGI and MOI data.

Area map scale time Automatic map change by zoomin and zoom out Automatic map change by period changes layer2 (map) layer1 （ hyperlink ） layer2 (map) layer1 (hyperlink) World map Hyperlink to web page, photographs and so on ・・・ Map B (present time) ・・・ Map A (historical maps)

Summary  Proposed Geographical Information Sharing System System properties  Integrate geographical information (maps, satellite images), non-geographical information (documents), and moving object information (GPS data)  Enable the reuse and sharing of information  Seamless GI, NGI and MOI browsing environment

Future Tasks  Implement and evaluate a GISS prototype system.  Detailed examination of the GISS spatial analysis framework

Example 1 Example for GI and NGI integration Ancient tomb distribution map (map: GI) Mokkan DB (text data: NGI) → Integration of data was considered difficult because it had to be done by hand. ↓ Efficient data integration using metadata on the GISS

Ancient tomb distribution map (GI) Mokkan DB Mokkan photo Integrating GI and NGI GISS server Data entry Searching and obtaining results Mokkan data (NGI)

Example 2  Field work collaboration using the GISS Information from research groups  Data entered in real time to the GISS server (MOI) Information on the Internet  GI such as satellite images ， historical maps (GI) Furthermore researchers are able to 1.Share real time MOI and annotations with other researchers 2.Integrate GI and MOI data

Research Group A Research Group B Input field data A map with a hyperlink to results of the research Browsing data, Editing annotations Browsing data Editing annotations Via the Internet （ Real world ）