by Prof. Lydia Ayers

Origin of Music Linked with Sex Music evolved from mating calls of birds and animals. Bird calls and gibbon songs – Doves in Bali – "reeds and gongs around their necks …" Naturalist Charles Darwin

Early Instruments The rhythm slowly came from the body and took up residence in: woodmetal and skin bone stone

Early Instruments year-old red crane bone flutes from burials at Jiahu, Henan Province, China –Scientists believe the flute, second from bottom, is the world's oldest still- playable musical instrument. –[i:3] Example using ancient Chinese folk song Xiao Bai Cai (Little Cabbage)

Types of Instruments Membranophones Idiophones Chordophones Aerophones Electronic

Membranophones Drums A membrane covers one or more openings in a hollow body. Striking causes the membrane to vibrate Nez Perce, “War Dance” (Native American) Native American drums

Pangut (Korea) Farmer's Band Music, performed at Korean Folk Village –Drums Puk (barrel drum) Changgo (hour-glass drum) Sogo (small frame drum) –Gongs Kkwaenggwari (small gong) Changgo – hour-glass drum

Taiko (Japan) Drums Za-kyo composed and performed by: Furyu- dagaku Matsuri Shu on Kyoyu

African Drums djembe bendir frame drum

Talking Drums African languages have high and low sounds drum language uses high and low tones to represent the words talking drum

Tabla (India) Ustad Alla Rakha Ustad Alla Rakha plays basic tabla sounds in Ravi Shankar in Concert [ii:29] Zakir Hussain and Ustad Alla Rakha, Tabla Duet, with Ustad Sultan Khan, Sarangi Zakir Hussain & Ustad Alla Rakha leftright