BIOLOGY Edition

Categories $300 $200 $100 $400 $500 ProteinSynthesisGeneticsMacro-moleculesSciMethodsCellsEnergy Biology

$100 A: The process that requires glucose and oxygen.

$100 Q: What is aerobic respiration?

$200 A: The process that uses carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water to make glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) and oxygen.

$200 Q: What is photosynthesis?

$300 A: Thylakoids are stacked on top of one another forming grana in this organelle responsible for photosynthesis.

$300 Q: What is a chloroplast?

$400 A: A chemical process, occurring in the absence of oxygen, that converts glucose to pyruvic acid which is then converted to lactic acid.

$400 Q: What is fermentation (anaerobic respiration)?

$500 A: The Krebs cycle and electron transport chain take place in the matrix and inner membrane of this organelle.

$500 Q: What is the mitochondria?

$100 A: A large organelle located near the center of a cell that houses the cell’s DNA.

$100 Q: What is the nucleus?

$200 A: A type of cell that contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

$200 Q: What is a eukaryotic cell?

$300 A: The passive transport of water across a membrane.

$300 Q: What is osmosis?

$400 A: This organelle is the “garbage disposal” of the cell, breaking down old organelles, foreign substances, etc.

$400 Q: What is a lysosome?

$500 A: These organelles organize the synthesis of proteins; may be “free” in the cytoplasm or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum.

$500 Q: What are ribosomes?

$100 A: The molecule in a cell responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information (info for making proteins); has the shape of a double-helix.

$100 Q: What is DNA?

$200 A: The complementary base pairs in DNA.

$200 Q: What are guanine-cytosine and adenine-thymine?

$300 A: The molecules that are linked together to make a protein.

$300 Q: What are amino acids?

$400 A: The type of RNA that has an anticodon and brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

$400 Q: What is tRNA?

$500 A: The process by which information in DNA is copied to a molecules of mRNA.

$500 Q: What is transcription?

$100 A: Is represented with a lowercase letter.

$100 Q: What is a recessive allele?

$200 A: The process in which an egg cell and sperm cell fuse to form a zygote.

$200 Q: What is fertilization?

$300 A: The fraction of offspring resulting from a Bb x bb cross that should have blond hair. B = brown hair b = blond hair

$300 Q: What is one half (50%)?

$400 A: The condition in which a person has 2 alleles that are the same for a trait.

$400 Q: What what is homozygous?

$500 A: A picture of a child’s chromosomes that is used to determine if a child has a genetic disorder, such as Down’s syndrome (extra chromosome #21).

$500 Q: What is a karyotype?

$100 A: This is the one variable that differs between the control group and experimental group.

$100 Q: What is the independent variable?

$200 A: Observations that deal with data that can be represented as numbers.

$200 A: What are quantitative observations?

$300 A: An observation that describes the qualities or characteristics of something.

$300 Q: What is a qualitative observation?

$400 A: The process that allows humans to use bacteria to produce large quantities of things like insulin and human growth hormone.

$400 Q: What is genetic engineering?

$500 A: The process that uses restriction enzymes to cut DNA and then separates the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis.

$500 Q: What is DNA Fingerprinting?

$100 A: An organic molecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; the hydrogen and oxygen are in a 2:1 ratio, like water.

$100 Q: What a carbohydrate?

$200 A: The monomers (“building blocks”) that make up nucleic acids, DNA and RNA.

$200 Q: What are nucleotides?

$300 A: An organic compound with a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail; organizes into a bilayer which makes up the cell membrane.

$300 Q: What is a lipid?

$400 A: The contestant on the right, who is currently losing, will win $400 if she can name the reaction that builds polymers.

$400 Q: What is a dehydration synthesis reaction? (a.k.a.: condensation reaction)

$500 A: Enzymes, molecules that speed up the rates of chemical reactions, belong to this class of macromolecules.

$500 Q: What are proteins?