Abandoned Mines: Effects on stream water geochemistry Fall, 2003 Serena NW Hollmeyer.

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Presentation transcript:

Abandoned Mines: Effects on stream water geochemistry Fall, 2003 Serena NW Hollmeyer

Questions... What effects to abandoned mines have on pH and conductivity? What effects will abandoned mines have on dissolved metal species downstream? Where are the metals seen downstream coming from? What impact does pH have on metal dissolution?

Sample site locations: Belvidere Asbestos Mine, Eden Mills, VT. Ely Copper Mine, Vershire, VT. MacIntyre Titanium Mine, Tahawus, NY.

Belvidere Asbestos Mine Eden Mills, VT. Asbestos mine Serpentine, amphibolite, muscovite schist. Drains into Dark Branch and Gihon River

Ely Copper Mine Vershire, VT Weakly calcareous mica schist with amphibolite and acicular amphibolite. Pyrite occurrences. Drains into Schoolhouse Brook (Upstream and downstream samples)

MacIntyre Titanium Mine Tahawus, N.Y Ilmenite and magnetite Drains into Opalescent River.

Methods Samples collected, filtered and acidified. pH and conductivity measured using digital meters. Samples analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICPOES). Looked for 24 different metals.

Belvidere Data

Belvidere Metals

Ely data

Ely metals

MacIntyre data

MacIntyre Metals

Analysis: pH was lowest at Ely (expected due to sulfidic mineral exposures increasing acidity) Metals were most mobile at Ely, due to low pH? Na, Ca, and Mg levels elevated at each site, related to bedrock weathering?

Belvidere samples and possible sources of metals: Amphibole Serpentine Calcic filling of fractures? Road salt runoff?

Ely samples and possible sources of metals. Calcareous bedrock Copper ore Road salt? Amphibole Feldspar Associated iron ore Mica

MacIntyre samples and possible sources. Feldspar weathering (no road salt input) Ilmenite

Conclusions pH was lower at sulfidic site. Conductivity was highest in pit lakes or drainages Lower pH created conditions condusive to metals leaching Bedrock geology ultimately determined metals available for leaching. Bedrock geology also determined pH, the controlling factor in leaching of metals.

Questions?