16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 1 Student Projects For the New Navy 44 Sail Training Craft Asst. Prof. Paul Miller, D. Eng. Midn. 1/C Jon Silverberg, USN Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Department United States Naval Academy

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 2 Vessel Background 44-Foot Offshore Sailing Craft for USNA44-Foot Offshore Sailing Craft for USNA –1939 Luders Wood Yawl –1966 Luders Glass Yawl –1985 McCurdy and Rhodes Sloop –2003 Update to M&R design Safety is Paramount – Low Maintenance –10 Crew – Good Rating

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 3 Student Research Opportunities at USNA Summer InternshipSummer Internship –~120 manhours Independent Research ProjectIndependent Research Project –~ 140 manhours Capstone CourseCapstone Course –~ 190 manhours Trident ProjectTrident Project –~ 580 manhours Total student involvement has been about 1700 manhours!

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 4 Presentation Overview Eight student projects by eight students ranging from materials to CFD.Eight student projects by eight students ranging from materials to CFD. Prof. Miller will present seven (in eighteen minutes!)Prof. Miller will present seven (in eighteen minutes!) Midn. Silverberg will present his (~10 minutes)Midn. Silverberg will present his (~10 minutes)

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 5 Incline Experiment, Full-Scale Resistance and VPP Researcher: Aaron DeMeyerResearcher: Aaron DeMeyer Goals: Establish baseline stability and resistance data and develop a VPP tool for future research.Goals: Establish baseline stability and resistance data and develop a VPP tool for future research.

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 6 Full-Scale Incline Incline experiment at full-load (vs IMS) CSNTS conditionIncline experiment at full-load (vs IMS) CSNTS condition –More stores, equipment, spares Two digital inclinometersTwo digital inclinometers 8500 pounds8500 pounds Righting moment decreased 1.2%Righting moment decreased 1.2% Uncorrected (for added weight) Righting Moment

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 7 Full-Scale Resistance VPP provided by Chris Todter - Initial used parametric drag prediction - Updated included strut, shaft, prop, paint and biofouling factors

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 8 Capstone Design Project Researchers: Mark Arvidson, Peter Firenze, Cecily TaylorResearchers: Mark Arvidson, Peter Firenze, Cecily Taylor Goal: Develop a preliminary design of a new Navy 44 using the same constraints as the current vesselGoal: Develop a preliminary design of a new Navy 44 using the same constraints as the current vessel

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 9 Capstone Design Project All design aspects evaluated and discussed with outside designersAll design aspects evaluated and discussed with outside designers VPP used to improve performance incrementallyVPP used to improve performance incrementally

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 10 Capstone Design Course

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 11 Capstone Design Project All the designs had roughly the same drag at 6.5 knots boat speed upright. (S/L ratio of 1.1) The biggest differences were seen at higher speeds (winds greater than 10 knots).

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 12 Laminate Upgrade Researcher: Mark ArvidsonResearcher: Mark Arvidson Goals: Determine the hull laminate with the best combination of toughness, cost, stiffness and strengthGoals: Determine the hull laminate with the best combination of toughness, cost, stiffness and strength Approach:Approach: –Laminate analysis programs –Coupon and panel tests –Impact tests

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 13 Laminate Selection

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 14 Laminate Selection

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 15 Alternate Wood Laminate Researcher: Kent SimodynesResearcher: Kent Simodynes Goals: Using ABS, Navy and other analysis methods determine an alternate wood laminate for the Navy 44Goals: Using ABS, Navy and other analysis methods determine an alternate wood laminate for the Navy 44 Approach: Analysis, coupon and panel testsApproach: Analysis, coupon and panel tests

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 16 Alternate Wood Laminate All three methods agreed with test results for Carvel plankingAll three methods agreed with test results for Carvel planking Cold-molded were % stronger than ABS and Navy, % for CLT/Tsai-WuCold-molded were % stronger than ABS and Navy, % for CLT/Tsai-Wu Using the same FOS, wood would be about 400 pounds (2%) heavier...

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 17 Keel Section and Shape Researcher: Aaron DeMeyerResearcher: Aaron DeMeyer Goals: Improve the performance of the new boat through keel planform, section and VCG placement and structural modifications.Goals: Improve the performance of the new boat through keel planform, section and VCG placement and structural modifications. Approach: VPP, tank testing, CFD (with help from Paul Bogataj)Approach: VPP, tank testing, CFD (with help from Paul Bogataj) Solution: J5013 with 5% area reduction and 6” lower VCG yielded an average 8% lower keel drag for an Olympic course at 6, 12, 20 knots wind speed. 0-8 sec/mi improvement.Solution: J5013 with 5% area reduction and 6” lower VCG yielded an average 8% lower keel drag for an Olympic course at 6, 12, 20 knots wind speed. 0-8 sec/mi improvement.

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 18 Grounding Comparison Researcher: Adam DriessenResearcher: Adam Driessen Goals: Determine if IMS-style bulb influences grounding (and ungrounding) characteristicsGoals: Determine if IMS-style bulb influences grounding (and ungrounding) characteristics Approach: Gravity towed tank testing in Coastal Lab 2-D beach tankApproach: Gravity towed tank testing in Coastal Lab 2-D beach tank

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 19 Grounding Comparison Set up – 2 Hull/Keel Models; Constant Force, Not Constant Speed

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 20 Grounding Comparison

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 21 Grounding Comparison Pull off force less for bulb twice, once for fin, once was equal.

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 22 Rudder Design Comparison Researcher: Ted HuebnerResearcher: Ted Huebner Goals: Determine relative performance in a sail training environment of spade and skeg rudders.Goals: Determine relative performance in a sail training environment of spade and skeg rudders. Approach: Full scale and tank testing (resistance and tactical diameter)Approach: Full scale and tank testing (resistance and tactical diameter)

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 23 Rudder Design Comaparison

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 24 Rudder Design Comparison

16 th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium Slide 25 Rudder Design Comparison