K. Goulianos The Rockefeller University Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF Results Diffraction 2006 Milos island, Greece, 5-10 September 2006  presented.

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Presentation transcript:

K. Goulianos The Rockefeller University Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF Results Diffraction 2006 Milos island, Greece, 5-10 September 2006  presented on behalf of the CDF Collaboration 

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos2 Contents  Run-I CDF  Run II results Diffractive structure function  x Bj, Q 2, and t dependence Exclusive production  dijet & diphoton

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos3 Run-I CDF   Elastic scatteringTotal cross section SD DDDPESDD=SD+DD  T =Im f el (t=0) OPTICAL THEOREM   GAP

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos4 Run I-0 ( ) Elastic, single diffractive, and total cross 546 and 1800 GeV Roman Pot Spectrometers Roman Pot Detectors  Scintillation trigger counters  Wire chamber  Double-sided silicon strip detector Results  Total cross section  tot ~ s   Elastic cross section d  /dt ~ exp[2  ’ ln s ]  shrinking forward peak  Single diffraction Breakdown of Regge factorization Additional Detectors Trackers up to |  | = 7

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos5 Breakdown of Regge factorization KG, PLB 358 (1995) 379 Pomeron flux Factorization 

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos6 Run-IA,B,C Run-IA,B Forward Detectors BBC 3.2<  <5.9 FCAL 2.4<  <4.2 Run-IC beam

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos7  Double Diffraction Dissociation  One central gap  Double Pomeron Exchange  Two forward gaps  SDD: Single+Double Diffraction  One forward + one central gap Central and Double CDF Results: DD, like SD, is suppressed The formation of the second gap in two-gap events is not suppressed!

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos8 Hard Diffractive CDF All ratios ~ 1%  ~ uniform suppression ~ FACTORIZATION ! Fraction: SD/ND ratio at 1800 GeV  dN/d  1.45 (0.25)J/  0.62 (0.25)b 0.75 (0.10)JJ 1.15 (0.55)W % Fraction (+/-)

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos9 The diffractive structure function at the Tevatron is suppressed by a factor of ~10 relative to expectation from pdf’s measured by H1 at HERA Similar suppression factor as in soft diffraction relative to Regge expectations! Diffractive Structure Function: Breakdown of QCD Factorization CDF H1  = momentum fraction of parton in Pomeron Using preliminary pdf’s from

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos10 Restoring factorization: multigap diffraction R(SD/ND) R(DPE/SD) DSF from two/one gap: factorization restored! The diffractive structure function measured on the proton side in events with a leading antiproton is NOT suppressed relative to predictions based on DDIS w /preliminary pdf’s from

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos11 Run II Results  Diffractive structure function NEW:  Q 2 - dependence  t - dependence  Exclusive production  dijet  diphoton

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos12 CDF in Run-II ROMAN POT DETECTORS BEAM SHOWER COUNTERS: Used to reject ND events MINIPLUG CALORIMETER

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos13 The CDF

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos14 DIFFRACTIVE STRUCTURE FUNCTION Systematic uncertainties due to energy scale and resolution cancel out in the ratio

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos15 Diffractive Dijet Signal Overlap events: mainly ND dijets plus SD low  RPS trigger - Bulk of data taken with RPS trigger but no RPS tracking - Extract  from calorimetric information - Calibrate calorimetric  using limited sample of RPS tracking data - Subtract overlap background using a rescaled dijet event sample - Verify diffractive  range by comparing  RPS with  CAL

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos16 Alignment of RPS using Data maximize the |t|-slope  determine X and Y offsets

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos17  CAL Calibration overlap events signal region  cal distribution for slice of  RPS  / mean ~ 30%

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos18 Dijet Properties SD boosted opposite to pbar p p jet

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos19 E T distributions 120 GeV

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos20 Diffractive Structure Function: Q 2 dependence E T jet ~ 100 GeV ! Small Q 2 dependence in region 100 < Q 2 < 10,000 GeV 2  Pomeron evolves as the proton!

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos21 Diffractive Structure Function: t- dependence  No diffraction dips  No Q2 dependence in slope from inclusive to Q 2 ~10 4 GeV 2 Fit d  /dt to a double exponential:  Same slope over entire region of 0 < Q 2 < 4,500 GeV 2 across soft and hard diffraction!

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos22 Diffractive dijets:  pbar  dijet

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos23 EXCLUSIVE PRODUCTION H Measure exclusive jj &     Calibrate predictions for H production LHC Bialas, Landshoff, Phys.Lett. B 256,540 (1991) Khoze, Martin, Ryskin, Eur. Phys. J. C23, 311 (2002); C25,391 (2002);C26,229 (2002) C. Royon, hep-ph/ B. Cox, A. Pilkington, PRD 72, (2005) OTHER………………………… Search for exclusive dijets: Measure dijet mass fraction Look for signal as M jj  1 Search for exclusive  Search for events with two high E T gammas and no other activity in the calorimeters or BSCs KMR:  H (LHC) ~ 3 fb S/B ~ 1 if  M ~ 1 GeV Clean discovery channel

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos24 Exclusive Dijet Signal b-tagged dijet fraction Dijet fraction – all jets Exclusive b-jets are suppressed by J Z = 0 selection rule Excess over MC predictions at large dijet mass fraction DIJETSDIJETS

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos25 R JJ (excl): Data vs MC Shape of excess of events at high R jj is well described by both models ExHuME (KMR): gg  gg process  uses LO pQCD Exclusive DPE (DPEMC)  non-pQCD based on Regge theory

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos26 jj excl : Exclusive Dijet Signal COMPARISON Inclusive data vs b/c-jet data vs inclusive

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos27 JJ excl : x-section vs E T (min) Comparison with hadron level predictions ExHuME (red) Exclusive DPE in DPEMC (blue)

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos28 JJ excl : cross section predictions ExHuME Hadron-Level Differential Exclusive Dijet Cross Section vs Dijet Mass (dotted/red): Default ExHuME prediction (points): Derived from CDF Run II Preliminary excl. dijet cross sections Statistical and systematic errors are propagated from measured cross section uncertainties using ExHuME M jj distribution shapes.

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos29 JJ excl : R(excl/incl) vs ET min

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos30 Exclusive  ee Search (anti)proton not detected require 2 EM showers (E T >5 GeV, |h|<2 ) veto on all BSCs and cal towers except for those of the 2 EM showers L~530 pb -1 delivered  L effective =46 pb -1  19 events with 2 EM showers + ”nothing” [above threshold] QED process: cross-check to exclusive 

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos31  16 candidate events found background: Exclusive ee Search control sample for  search good agreement with LPAIR : E T 1 =6.1 GeV E T 2 =6.0 GeV

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos32 Exclusive  Search E T 1 =6.8 GeV/c E T 2 =5.9 GeV/c

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos33 Summary Run I  Suppression of single gap diffraction  M 2 – scaling: d  /dM 2 independent of s  Non-suppressed double-gap to single-gap ratios Run II  Diffractive structure function vs x Bj, Q 2, and t  Composite Pomeron made up from proton pdf’s ?  Exclusive production; dijet and diphoton  Diffractive LHC under control

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos34 BACKUP

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos35 p-p Interactions Diffractive: Colorless exchange w /vacuum quantum numbers Non-diffractive: Color-exchange Incident hadrons retain their quantum numbers remaining colorless Incident hadrons acquire color and break apart POMERONPOMERON Goal: understand the QCD nature of the diffractive exchange rapidity gap

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos36 M 2 - scaling KG&JM, PRD 59 (1999) Factorization breaks down so as to ensure M 2 -scaling! renormalization 1  Independent of S over a range of six orders of magnitude in M 2 !

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos37  -dependence: Inclusive vs Dijet Pomeron dominated

Diffraction 2006, Milos, Greece, Sep 05-10Diffraction at the Tevatron: CDF results K. Goulianos38 The MiniPlug Calorimeters About 1500 wavelength shifting fibers of 1 mm dia. are ‘strung’ through holes drilled in 36x¼” lead plates sandwiched between reflective Al sheets and guided into bunches to be viewed individually by multi-channel photomultipliers.