Replication. Central Dogma of Information Flow Wagging the Dogma.

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Presentation transcript:

Replication

Central Dogma of Information Flow

Wagging the Dogma

Replication- the synthesis of DNA using itself as a template. Three stages: Initiation, Elongation, Termination Replication

Meselson-Stahl Experiment Replication is Semiconservative

Initiation

Origin of replication (ori) Replication Begins at a Specific Place Each Time

Theta structure Replication is Bidirectional

Helicase ssb DNA Must be Uncoiled Before Replication

Replication is 5’ -> 3’

Okazaki Fragments are Used to Synthesize the Lagging Strand

Primase Primers are Needed for Synthesis

Elongation Reaction

Termination Least well understood

Review of Replication - Initiation Ori bound by helicase and SSB (other proteins at site) Replication bubble forms primase and DNA polymerase III join complex Okazaki fragments used on lagging strand synthesis is 5’ to 3’

Review of Replication - Elongation PPi product polymerase I removes RNA and fills gap

Review of Replication - Termination Ligase seals nick (ATP dependent) Topoisomerase supercoils DNA (cut, wrap, ligate)

Proofreading 1 mistake every bases during replication (3’ -> 5’ exonuclease activity) In DNA, 1 mistake every bases other repair mech. must exist

Repair Mechanisms Mismatch repair Base Excision repair Nucleotide Excision Direct Repair

In Eukaryotes, the Major Differences are the Numbers and Names of the Molecules Prokaryotes Eukaryotes 1 ori and termultiple ori and ter Polymerases III and I Pol’s  and  Okazaki fragments ~1000 ~ nt supercoiling histones

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