התגובה שינוי האנטרופיה, S 0  אקסו - תרמית המערכת הסביבה היקום סביבה מערכ ת S סביב ה S יקום S סביב ה S מערכ ת S יקום S +++ + _ + אם סביבהמערכת 0 S 0 

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Presentation transcript:

התגובה שינוי האנטרופיה, S 0  אקסו - תרמית המערכת הסביבה היקום סביבה מערכ ת S סביב ה S יקום S סביב ה S מערכ ת S יקום S _ + אם סביבהמערכת 0 S 0   S 

התגובה שינוי האנטרופיה, S 0  אנדו - תרמית המערכת הסביבה היקום + + אם סביבהמערכת _ ___ סביב ה S מערכ ת S יקום S S סביבה מערכ ת S סביב ה S 0 S 0  S 

אנודה קתודה v Cu 2+ Zn 2+ תא אלקטרוכימי Zn (s) Zn 2+ (aq) + 2eCu 2+ (aq) + 2e Cu (s) ee SO 4 2- (aq) Zn 2+ (aq) ZnSO 4 CuSO 4 תמיסת ZnCu חמצוןחיזור

מתכת / יוני מתכת ממוימיםיונים ממוימים / יונים ממוימים Zn 2+ (aq) + 2eZn (s) eFe 3+ (aq) + 2eFe 3+ (aq) e Pt + Fe 2 + Fe 3 + Fe 2 Zn + Zn 2

גז / יונים ממוימים Pt atm מוצק / יונים ממוימים Pt I I I I I 2(s) e I 2(s) + 2e 2I (aq) e H 2(g) e 1 H 3 O +e 2 H 3 O + (aq) + 2e H 2(g) + 2H 2 O (l) e

נוזל / יונים ממוימים Pt Br 2(l) + 2e 2Br (aq) e Br Br 2(l) e

Zn 2+ (aq) + 2e Zn (s) Cu 2+ (aq) + 2e Cu (s) תא אלקטרוכימי Zn (s) + Cu 2+ (aq) Cu (s) + Zn 2+ (aq) Zn (s) Zn 2+ (aq) Cu 2+ (aq) Cu (s) 1M קתודה אנודה חיזור חמצון V 0.76 V E o = 1.1 V תא ( E o ) חיזור ee תמיסת ZnSO 4 CuSO 4 אנודה קתודה v Cu 2+ Zn 2+ Zn (s) Zn 2+ (aq) + 2eCu 2+ (aq) + 2e Cu (s) SO 4 2- (aq) Zn 2+ (aq) Zn Cu חמצון חיזור ( E o ) חיזור

Cu 2+ (aq) Cu 2+ Zn (s) סביבה מערכת סביבה S אנרגיה מועברת כחימום S מערכת Zn (s) + Cu 2+ (aq) Cu (s) + Zn 2+ (aq) סביבה S מערכת אנרגיה מועברת כחימום עבודה S מערכת תמיסת ZnSO 4 CuSO 4 אנודה קתודה Cu 2+ Zn 2+ SO 4 2- (aq) Zn 2+ (aq) Zn Cu

Zn (s) + Cu 2+ (aq) Cu (s) + Zn 2+ (aq) אנרגיה מועברת כחימום סביבה S מערכת S עבודה מירבית תמיסת ZnSO 4 CuSO 4 אנודה קתודה Cu 2+ Zn 2+ SO 4 2- (aq) Zn 2+ (aq) Zn Cu סביבה S מערכת אנרגיה מועברת כחימום עבודה S מערכת

עבודה סביבה Cl - Cu 2+ Cl - Cu 2+ Cu (s) Cl Cl 2(g) Cl קתודה אנודה Zn (s) + Cu 2+ (aq) Cu (s) + Zn 2+ (aq) תמיסת ZnSO 4 CuSO 4 אנודה קתוד ה Cu 2+ Zn 2+ SO 4 2- (aq) Zn 2+ (aq) Zn Cu מערכת א תא אלקטרוכימי מערכת ב תא אלקטרוליטי Cu 2+ (aq) + 2Cl - (aq) Cu (s) +Cl 2(g) צימוד

מתכתתמיסת יוני מתכת +2