Ecology, Evolution and Diversity General Biology I The two hour version Part 2
Countershading
Disruptive Coloration
Disruptive Coloration (also called dazzle camouflage) USS Charles S. Sperry
Pattern Recognition
Reduce visibility of eyes
Warning coloration
Mimicry
Mimicry and sexual deception
Symbiosis
Mutualism (+/+)
Parasitism (+/-)
Ectoparasites Parasitism (+/-)
Endoparasites Parasitism (+/-)
Ecological Succession
Succession
First year Five years Hutchison Memorial Forest, NJ Succession
10 years 20 years Succession
28 years Succession
Climax community (undisturbed) Disturbed community (post-logging) Succession Coastal forests, Oregon
Succession Some plant communities have very limited ability to undergo succession. Tropical rainforest, Phillipines
Krakatua Island Catastrophic eruption in 1883 Succession underway Succession
Mount St Helens Succession
Mount St Helens
Ecosystem Ecology
“organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is
“ organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is
Energy
Nutrients (Chemicals)
Food Chains
Producers Consumers
Producers
Consumers
Primary consumer Secondary Consumer
Food Web
Nutrients (Chemicals)
Nutrient Input
No such thing as a free lunch … … and no lunch goes uneaten
Food Chain
Detritus
Detritivores
Decomposers (detritivores)
Nutrients Cycle Food chain
Energy
Energy Input
Energy Loss
Nutrients Cycle Food chain
Energy Lost
Productivity
Coos Bay, Oregon Salt Marsh
Death Valley Desert
Tropical Rain Forest
Primary Production
Water Cycle
Water Cycle disrupted
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Wetlands
Distrurbed ecosystem… disrupted cycles