MARE 250 Dr. Jason Turner Introduction to Statistics

Statistics 101 (really 250) calculation of trends quantitative observations

Statistics 101 (really 250) analysis and interpretation of data not only data analysis

Statistics 101 (really 250) Initial Observations Explanatory Model Hypothesis Null Hypothesis, Formulated with Experimental Test in Mind Experiment or Field Sampling Test DATA STATISTICS

MARE 250 – Stats in Marine Science Will attempt to provide you with an adequate amount of statistical background to:

Key Concept of the Day… Introduction to Statistics Define terms relating to data and data collection

Types of Biological Data Variable – Different kinds of scientists collect different kinds of data

Ratio Scale Data on a Ratio Scale:

Ratio Scale There is There exists

Interval Scale Data on an Interval Scale: Interval Scales

Ordinal Scale Data on an Ordinal Scale: Ordinal Scales –

Ordinal Scale Many useful statistical procedures are applicable to ordinal data

Nominal Scale Data on a Nominal Scale: Nominal Scale –

Types of Biological Data Continuous and Discrete Data Continuous Variable –

Types of Biological Data Discrete or Discontinuous (Meristic) Variable –

Accuracy and Significant Figures Accuracy – Precision – Accuracy and Precision are NOT synonymous

Accuracy and Significant Figures Significant Figures – Therefore, typically report less that the smallest accuracy taken…

Accuracy and Significant Figures For example… If you took the measurements: 8.01, 8.0, , , You would report and average of : more accurately you would report:

Frequency Distributions Frequency Table – Fishes collected from a near-shore reef community: SpeciesNumber Observed Raccoon Butterflyfish25 Hawaiian Yellow Tang20 Bluespotted Grouper 5 Moorish Idol15

Fishes collected from a near-shore reef community: Species Number Observed Raccoon Butterflyfish25 Hawaiian Yellow Tang20 Bluespotted Grouper 5 Moorish Idol15 Frequency Distributions

Frequency Distribution – Number of Individuals Raccoon Butterflyfish Hawaiian Yellow Tang Bluespotted grouper Moorish Idol Bar Graph

Frequency Distributions Histogram – Length of Individuals (mm) 30 Number of Individuals

Next Time… Chapter 2: Populations and Samples