Sensing Security— Advances in Water-Quality Monitoring Glenn G. Patterson U.S. Geological Survey.

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Presentation transcript:

Sensing Security— Advances in Water-Quality Monitoring Glenn G. Patterson U.S. Geological Survey

5 Steps to Water System Security Threat Identification and characterization Vulnerability assessment Physical security Water-Quality Monitoring Communication and Response

Components of Monitoring Monitoring plan Sensors –Broad-range –Specific Quality assurance Background levels Communication and response plan

The value of time-relevant data Provide data to decision-makers in time for action Detect accidental or intentional releases Improve efficiency of monitoring programs

Traditional Real-Time Parameters Stage and streamflow Temperature Specific conductance pH Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity

Kansas Water Quality

Steps to Deployment of New Sensing Technology Concept Research and Development ($$) Lab Testing Field Testing Deployment Refinement

The Value of Partnerships DOE Sandia Labs Army Soldier Biological and Chemical Command Defense Threat Reduction Agency Environmental Protection Agency States, Counties, Cities, Utilities

Advances in Europe 71 advanced early-warning monitoring stations Some stations can detect 40+ compounds Active research on interpreting results and determining background levels

PARAMETERS AND CONSTITUENTS MONITORED ON THE RIVER TRENT

Sensors Available Now Broad Range: Whole-water toxicity-- sentinel species Specific: Semi-volatiles Specific: Volatiles

Whole Water Toxicity— Automated Bioassays with Sentinel Species Bacteria Algae Daphnia Clams and mussels Fish

Semi-Volatiles HPLC with Solid-phase extraction

Volatiles GC with in-situ purge and trap

Sensors Under Development DOE--Sandia Labs— Micro-Chemlab on a Chip

Sensors Under Development DOE—Oak Ridge National Lab— Chemical-Biological Mass Spec with direct inlet

Sensor Array Under Development Army Soldier Biological and Chemical Command— Joint Service Agent Water Monitor

Sensors Under Development-- Chemical and Biological agents Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform IR Spec Molecular Imprinted Polymers Pyrolysis GC Ion Mobility Mass Spec

Sensors Under Development— Biological Agents Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction Antibody-Antigen Tests Surface-Enhanced Ramon Sensors

Additional Considerations Background concentrations Need for communication and response plan Field Testing

USGS River Monitoring Network Water.usgs.gov/waterwatch

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