Are You Overweight? Source: Report of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 1995, pages ’6” 6’5” 6’4” 6’3” 6’2” 6’1” 6’0” 5’11” 5’10” 5’9” 5’8” 5’7” 5’6” 5’5” 5’4” 5’3” 5’2” 5’1” 5’0” 4’11” 4’10” Healthy Weight Moderate Overweight Severe Overweight Pounds (without clothes) Height (without shoes)

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1985 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1986 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20% Source: BRFSS, CDC.

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1987 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1988 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1989 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1990 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1991 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1992 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1993 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1994 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1995 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1996 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1997 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1998 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1999 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2000 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) Source: BRFSS, CDC. No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19%  20%

% (Flegal, JAMA 2002) overweight / obese obese

Changes in the Prevalence of Obesity (BMI > 95 th Percentile) Among U.S. Female Children and Adolescents

Obesity in the USA, Region Percentage Obese New England: + 46% Pacific: + 67% Midwest: + 36% Mid-Atlantic: +32% Southeast: + 67%

Women 

Calle et al., 2003 Relative Risk of Cancer Mortality Women RR

Why are we engulfed in an epidemic of obesity? -- reductions in physical activity -- increased caloric intake -- bad nutritional advice

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Role of the food industry in the obesity epidemic -- creation of maximally seductive foods based on sugar, refined starch, trans fats, and salt -- “convenience” -- supersizing as a value -- aggressive marketing of junk to children and adults

Who can help control the epidemic? – Researchers (Epidemiologists, Nutritionists, etc) – Health Care Providers – Schools – Governments, Community Organizations – Worksites – Parents – Individuals