: The Fragility of e Learning Pierre Dillenbourg TECFA University of Geneva

You are not the only one to face problems Analysing breakdowns is a good heuristic Teachers: Researchers:

Teacher's role

Loss of "time habits" Confusion between flexibility and workload How do we count time for students? How do we count time for teachers? Time is our bottleneck (more than bandwidth)

Balance knowledge magagement & pedagogical diversity

Is the Web constructivist?

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Constructivism versus Learner Control Deep versus shallow interactivity >> Innovative situations are fragile

Example 1(TECFA Virtual Campus): Goal: Discover common mistakes in writing multiple choice questionnaires

This is not scientific research, just teacher experience, but raise interesting issues eLearning is not more fragile, but, in case of problems, adaptation is more difficult

Example 2 (TECFA Virtual Campus): Goal: Discover relationship between learning theorie and families of educational software

ArgueGraph Phase 2

Phase 3

Design choices Immediate FB Delayed FB Microworld FB Theories Behavioursim Constructivism MetacognitionArgueGraph Phase 4

ArgueGraph Data (Exp.3) Reformulation Justification Solo57 % 43 % Duo15 % 85 %

AcceptCondition Discard No Conflict28 13 Conflict "We answer 3 because motivation is important" "We answer 3 because motivation is important" "We choose 3 because 2 does not work" "We choose 3 because 2 does not work" ArgueGraph Data (Exp.3) "We answer 2 if the learner is a child but we answer 3 for adult learners" "We answer 2 if the learner is a child but we answer 3 for adult learners"

NewUnion Victory No Conflict Conflict X 2 =6.2, p<.05) ArgueGraph Data (Exp.3) Arg(AB) <> Arg(A) & Arg(AB) <> Arg(B) Arg(AB) <> Arg(A) & Arg(AB) <> Arg(B) Arg(AB) =Arg(A) or Arg(AB) =Arg(B ) Arg(AB) =Arg(A) or Arg(AB) =Arg(B ) Arg(AB)=Arg(A) U Arg(B )

New version of ArgueGraph

What's the problem with exp 4 ? pseudo-task debriefing Coffee-break 1 week Exp 1-3 Exp 4 pseudo-task

You are not the only one to face problems Analysing breakdowns is a good heuristic Problems shake routine Time-sensitive dynamics of self-representation and group representations Time-sensitive dynamics of self-representation and group representations

European Conference on Computer-Supported Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Maastricht March 22-24, 2001