MICE – the UK Perspective Rob Edgecock RAL/CERN-AB Introduction Introduction UK Contributions UK Contributions Location Location New beamline New beamline New infrastructure New infrastructure Safety and effect on ISIS Safety and effect on ISIS Cost to the UK Cost to the UK Conclusions Conclusions

Introduction MICE is very important for the UK and CCLRC: UK involvement in NF started in 1999 Aim: build a large component or host the machine A lot of progress made: - UK HoC Science and Technology committee “Hosting a global facility like the Neutrino Factory would bring substantial scientific and commercial benefits to the UK. While we acknowledge the uncertainty of international decisions many years ahead, we recommend that the Government or PPARC consider developing a long-term strategy for bringingthis facility to the UK”!- Study III possibly at RAL- NuFact’02 at IC- CCLRC biggest group in Europe

Introduction MICE is very important part of this! Crucial for the Neutrino Factory Increases UK (University) involvement in NF R&D Demonstrates UK capabilities Brings NF-interested physicists & engineers to the UK MICE is unique! Never before have 142 physicists/engineers come to the UK for particle physics MICE is a major opportunity for PP and accel R&D in UK

UK Contributions Beam Infrastructure Cryogenics RF power Focus coil unit Software Experiment contributions: discussed earlier Layout, services, controls Detectors

Location Harwell RAL HEP Test Beam HALL R5.2

Beam Line Created using ISIS: MeV proton RCS - Pulsed at 50Hz - 2 bunches, 100ns long separated by 230ns - 240kW Already produces beam Uses internal Ti target Feeds quad channel in R5.2 52m

Old Beam Line

Hall: L = 47 m W = 12 m H = 8 m S = 564 m 2 V = 4512 m 3 Two overhead cranes (8 tonnes each)

New Beam Line Modifications required to achieve this: Increased particle flux  smaller collection angle:40 o  25 o higher production energy:620MeV  800MeV Requirements: Requirements: P  < 450MeV/c backgrounds < 10% few muons per  s

New Beam Line Better signal/background  currently: >300MeV/c – all protons <300MeV/c – mainly pions (at 200 MeV/c: 75% , 19% , 6% e)  SC decay solenoid (from PSI)  or quadrupole decay channel

New Beam Line Improved reliability  new target mechanism new magnet power supplies new control system Better safety  more shielding real security fence real beam dump! Performance: Performance: Rate depends momentum at 200MeV/c  3000  /ms for solenoid 300  /ms for quads Background <10%

Layout

Infrastructure Cryogenics: Required for: - super-conducting magnets for MICE - decay solenoid - liquid hydrogen, etc - VLPCs Needs new building: - compressor - He and N store Also used for LH2 Transfer lines

Infrastructure RF power: RF power:- 1MW per cavity, 8MW total - 1-2ms at 1-10Hz - Average power ~1kW/Hz ~ TH116 TH781 RS2058 EX SPS 7651 EX RAL LEVEL CONTROL SOURCE OTHER DRIVE CHAIN 10mW4kW 40kW 400kW4MW DRIVE TO 4 CAVITIES VIA PHASE SHIFTERS AND 70db COUPLERS POWER SPLITTERS AND CIRCULATORS 40 kV20 kV 12kV 5kV R.A. Church RAL - a possible scheme

Infrastructure

Infrastructure Controls and control room: Layout and services: Layout and services: - water - power - lighting - detector layout - detector support - phased installation Hydrogen Hydrogen - safety - detection hardware - igloo - ventilation - interlocks - dump Additional civil engineering - design Additional civil engineering - design - hall preparation - hole through ISIS wall

Safety Main issues: Hydrogen! Magnets – fringe fields and quenches Radiation safety – ISIS beam loss RF – x-rays and dark current Cryogenics HV Vacuum etc

Hydrogen Critical safety issue! Cooling channel requires minimum window thickness Particularly true for cooling rings Most work done in the US so far Thin Al windows designed and tested against FNAL safety regulations in US

Hydrogen Liquid hydrogen used at RAL: moderator in ISIS target station (much smaller volume) Helium Vacuum Hydrogen Prevents oxygen condensation on cold surfaces after leak through vacuum window

Hydrogen Corresponding MICE layout: More windows, degraded performance Need a true test of a “real” cooling channel absorber Will need to pass CLRC safety review Argon jacket

Fringe Fields of Magnets Four potential hazards: Four potential hazards: - effect on ISIS control rooms - effect on ISIS linac and synchrotron - effect on pace-makers - effect on ferromagnetic objects 0.5mT10mT Baseline case

X-Rays X-rays and dark current are a strong function of RF voltage. Need to shield, particularly x-rays.

Effect on ISIS During construction: Much work in next long shutdown - competition for resources (staff) - bigger hole in ISIS wall Much work in preparation and after - competition for resources (2 nd target station) During data-taking: Fringe field on linac- negligible Decay solenoid field on synchrotron- no problem Target beam loss- no worse

Cost to the UK SectionItem Material/k€ Staff Years Total Cost/k€ CoolingMagnets RF Absorbers Diagnostics SpectrometerTracker AncillaryCryogenics Vacuum Other Beam, etc Management Civil Eng Old beam New target New beam Services OtherTravel Analysis Total

Cost to the UK Cost of new decay solenoid removed RF contribution re-defined: wave guides  power amps Changes with respect to proposal: Some totals £k: Materials= £ 7520k Staff for construction= £ 1970k Travel= £ 310k Support/analysis= £ 1100k TOTAL= £10900k

UK Management UK Collaboration formed (MICE UK): 8 labs, 44 people UK contact-person: Ken Long (IC) UK steering group: 1 person/lab, except CLRC At CLRC: MICE management following formal guidelines - Joint Project Board (Long, Peach, Taylor, Wade) - Interim Project Management Committee - Installation Technical Working Group - Safety Technical Working Group Project Sponsor- Ken Peach Project Leader- Rob Edgecock Project Scientist- Ken Long Project Manager- Paul Drumm

Conclusions The NF will address questions of fundamental importance to PP and cosmology The NF will address questions of fundamental importance to PP and cosmology MICE is crucial for demonstrating cooling for a NF MICE is crucial for demonstrating cooling for a NF Equivalent to Tesla/CLIC Test Facilities Equivalent to Tesla/CLIC Test Facilities A large and motivated collaboration has formed A large and motivated collaboration has formed This has shown MICE can be built and will work This has shown MICE can be built and will work Total cost ~1% of a Neutrino Factory Total cost ~1% of a Neutrino Factory MICE is a major opportunity for the UK - build on what’s been achieved - big step towards our aims - increase UK involvement in the NF - bring particle physicists to the UK MICE is a major opportunity for the UK - build on what’s been achieved - big step towards our aims - increase UK involvement in the NF - bring particle physicists to the UK The UK has the resources and expertise to provide beam and infrastructure and make big contributions to the experiment The UK has the resources and expertise to provide beam and infrastructure and make big contributions to the experiment