Introduction to AI & AI Principles (Semester 1) WEEK 3 – Tuesday part A Introduction to AI & AI Principles (Semester 1) WEEK 3 – Tuesday part A (2008/09) John Barnden Professor of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer Science University of Birmingham, UK

Notes on Last Wed’s Exercises … … are on the website … Group Exercise on emotions Individual Exercise on “SMOKE FREE ZONE”

continuing with … WHY IS EVERYDAY AI CHALLENGING?

Individual Exercise (5 minutes) at Birmingham airport: EU Nationals this way Other passports this way How to interpret this? What general knowledge needed?

Three Touching Tales uJohn got to his front door, but realized he didn’t have his key. uMary went to a restaurant for lunch. Afterwards she didn’t have enough money to take a taxi. uMary went to a restaurant for lunch. Afterwards she didn’t have enough money to buy the car she wanted.

Some Lessons from the Above uRole of context: l co-text l discourse location, time & participants l characteristics of the environment, the participants, the entities talked about. uRole of extensive, diverse knowledge of the world. uEfficient, appropriate accessing of that knowledge. uRole of inference, to join things up. u(From earlier examples) Role of conjectured goals of the other participants in a conversation.

Expert versus Everyday/Common-Sense uExpert AI: e.g., l Expert systems for medical diagnosis, etc. l Chess programs l Mathematical theorem provers l Aircraft movement planning systems l Specialized manufacturing robots uEveryday/Common-Sense AI: e.g., l Language processing, for no specific domain l Common-sense reasoning about the everyday world l Seeing the everyday world

THREE “CASE STUDIES” for the module, illustrating a broad range of AI themes (vision, moving around, planning, language, representation, learning, …)

The Three Case Studies uMaking Hot Drinks for some Friends uGoing on a Shopping Trip uTackling Crime (etc.)