Part Two: Etiology & Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney Disease By T. Parent Nurse Educator, PHC Community Hemodialysis Units 2015

Glomerular disorders

Nephrotic & Nephritic syndromes Nephritic syndrome the loss of a lot of blood Nephrotic syndrome the loss of a lot of protein Proteinurea Hypoalbuminemia Edema Hyperlipidemia Hematuria Hypertension Oliguria Azotemia

Associated Diseases Minimal change glomerulonep hritis Focal Segmental glomeruloscl erosis Membranous Glomerulonep hritis Post streptococcal glomerulonep hritis IgA Nephropath y Rapidly progressive glomerulone phritis Goodpast ures Vasculitis disorder Wegners granulomat osis Microscop ic polyangiti s Churg Strauss disease Membranoprolif erative Glomerulonephri tis Henoch- Schonlein purpura Diabetic Nephropathy

Vascular Diseases Microscopic Polyangiitis Wegener’s BLOOD VESSEL SIZESmall to Medium BLOOD VESSEL TYPEArterioles to venules, And sometimes Arteries and veins GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION NOYES LUNG SYMPTOMSYES 1 GLOMERULONEPHRITISYES RENAL HYPERTENSIONNO MONONEURITIS MULTIPLEX COMMONOCCASIONA L SKIN LESIONSYES 2 GI SYMPTOMSNO EYE SYMPTOMSYES 4 ANCA-POSITIVITY75%65-90% CONSTITUTIONALSYMPT OMS YES 5 NECROTIZING TISSUEYES MICROANEURYSMSRARELY

Medullary sponge kidney

Neoplasms

Interstitial diseases Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (CTIN): Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) allergic drug reactions infections immunologically mediated disorders infections reflux or obstructive nephropathy drugs