Greece: Humanism and the Speculative Leap (ca. 3000–332 B.C.E.) Chapter 4 Greece: Humanism and the Speculative Leap (ca. 3000–332 B.C.E.)

Bronze Age (Aegean) Civilizations Minoan culture Centered on the island of Crete Linear A and B writing Mycenaean civilization Fortified cities on the Greek mainland Traditional enemies of Troy The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The Heroic Age Homer and the Iliad Epic poem about events during the Trojan War The Greek gods Pantheon of multiple deities Zeus and Hera as supreme couple The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

The Greek City-State and the Persian Wars Polis Independent Greek city-state of which in the region there were about 200 The Persian Wars Battle of Marathon Defeat of Persian armada at Salamis Herodotus World’s first documented historian The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Athens and the Greek Golden Age From oligarchy to democracy Pericles’ glorification of Athens The Olympic Games Greek drama Festivals to worship Dionysus Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes The individual and the community Sophocles’ Antigone Aristotle on tragedy The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Greek Philosophy: The Speculative Leap Naturalist philosophy: pre-Socratics Thales; Heraclitus Leucippus; Democritus Pythagoras; Hippocrates Humanist philosophy the Sophists Socrates and the quest for virtue Dialectical method The nature of virtue The Crito The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Greek Philosophy (continued) Plato The Theory of Forms The just society (Republic) Aristotle The empirical method The science of logic The golden mean The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.