Energy and the MDGs

Energy Myths  Energy services are not a priority for poor people  Poor people cannot/do not pay for energy  Expanding access to electricity will solve the poverty crisis  Sustainable development does not include fossil fuels

  The Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) are a series of quantified development targets agreed at the UN General Assembly in   There is no MDG on energy   Access to energy is fundamental to all of the MDGs   The quality, reliability and affordability of energy services are what matter from a human development point of view What are the MDGs?

Energy MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger MDG 2: Achieve universal primary education MDG 3: Promote gender equality and empower women MDG 4: Reduce child mortality MDG 5: Improve maternal health MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases MDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability Energy and the MDGs MDG 8: Develop global partnership

MDG 1: Poverty and Hunger  Most staple foods must be cooked and processed before being eaten  Transport of goods to market requires motive power  Productive activities, jobs, agriculture and commercial trade all require energy (i.e. electricity & fuels)

MDGs 2&3: Education and Gender Equality  Many girls do not go to school in order to support family energy and water needs (carrying, grinding, pumping)  Rural areas find it hard to attract teachers to unelectrified communities  It is hard for children to study in the evening without lights  Lack of energy services constrain women’s economic opportunities

MDGs 4,5&6: Health and Disease  Indoor air pollution from unvented cooking with solid fuels is the fourth largest cause of death for people in developing countries  Physical burden of wood & water carrying causes exhaustion and undermines the health of child bearing women  Lack of electricity limits healthcare services (i.e. night time deliveries, sterilization, etc)  Lack of ITC limits people’s capacity to learn about healthcare and disease prevention

MDG 7: Environmental sustainability  National MDG reports treat energy mainly within the context of MDG 7  Cleaner energy services can encourage a better management of natural resources, including better water quality  Climate adaptation

  Provides reliable, affordable energy services   Fee for Service   Reduces women’s/girls’ workload   Frees up women’s/girls’ time   Creates opportunities for income generating activities Multifunctional Platform

Oil press Saws… Grinding mill De-husker Battery charging Engine The Multifunctional Platform supports a simple diesel engine that can power different tools : cereal grinding mills, de-huskers, oil presses, joinery and carpentry tools …

The Multifunctional Platform also provides water distribution and lighting. The advantages of the engine are its simplicity, sturdiness and multiple uses - a perfect example of appropriate technology.

The Platform process at the community level  Demand-driven: Women’s group to request  Participatory Pre-feasibility and Feasibility assessments  Decision on specific configurations of a multifunctional platform that fits community’s needs  Establishing ownership and management mechanism by women  Capacity building for women and operators of the multifunctional platform  Business implementation using a multifunctional platform-based rural energy enterprise  Local capacity building for private artisans  Monitoring and Evaluation

Mali Multifunctional Platform Participating women earn an average 66 FCFA per day (US$ 0.32 PPP) or US$ 44 per year in additional income; freed up two to six hours time per day Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

In the two villages located in the same cultural and geographical area (Dogons, Mali), girls’ school performances in the village of Anakaga with a platform are a lot better than that of the village of Ouo (without a platform) Without the Platform With the Platform GirlsBoys Students scoring “pass” mark required for higher class (%)

Mali Multifunctional Platform Goal 3: Promote gender equality, empower women

Mali Multifunctional Platform Goal 5: Improve maternal health   Improved access to health services because of increased income   Reduce workloads contributing to improved health   Substitute inefficient traditional biomass fuels and reduce indoor air pollution

Mali Multifunctional Platform Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability   Cleaner energy services can encourage a better management of natural resources, including better water quality

Empowerment Better education Expanded economic opportunities