FIRST AID AND INFECTION CONTROL

2 PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES 1.Identify common snakes and insects and how to care for bites and stings. 2.Identify routes of transmission and methods for preventing infections with HIV, HBV, HCV, TB and MRSA. 3.Recall procedures for dealing with an occupational exposure to a blood-borne pathogen. 4.Recognize signs and symptoms that require immediate offender referral to the medical department. 5.Identify procedures for assisting offenders who cannot complete a sick call request on their own. 6.Recall procedures for handling special medical waste and contaminated linens. 7.Identify basic procedures for using spill kits.

3 BASIC FIRST AID

4 SPIDERS AND SNAKES

5 Infectious Diseases & Blood-borne Pathogens Definition HIV HBV and HVC Routes of transmission

6 Prevention and Precautions Standard Precautions –Personal Protective Equipment –Spills of blood or OPIM are cleaned –Cover broken skin with bandages –Do not share needles –Safe sex –Vaccination

7 Tuberculosis and MRSA Routes of Transmission Prevention

8 Occupational Exposure Define Procedures for dealing with occupational exposure

9 INFECTION CONTROL (Spill Kit)

10 Life-threatening Conditions Difficulty breathing Chest pain Heavy bleeding Seizures Cool, pale or clammy skin Red, hot or dry skin Offender appears drunk Altered mental status

11 WHAT IS EPILEPSY Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological condition consisting of an individual experiencing more than one seizure. 50 million people world wide and 3 million Americans have epilepsy. Most people manage seizures through medication. Epilepsy is not contagious. Epileptic seizures rarely offer any kind of hazard to others.

12 EPILEPSY VIDEO Note: Though this video was prepared for law enforcement officers in the field, many similar situations arise in the correctional institution setting. View this with an eye to how it would relate to your specific position and situation.

13 WHAT IS A SEIZURE There are a wide variety of seizures. Most seizures are either convulsions or brief alterations of consciousness during which movements are vague, non- threatening, and random. In rare cases, seizures will take the form of screaming, running, and flailing movements that are random and reflexive which are not directed at anyone or anything.

14 CLUES TO LOOK FOR Documented history of epilepsy Unusual behavior was preceded by normal behavior A cry or blank stare began the event The body stiffens and begins to jerk Illegal drug use prior to event Epilepsy medication or medical bracelet found on person Unresponsive throughout event Blank stare when questioned Loss of bladder or bowel control

15 KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER When someone is acting strangely or creating a disturbance, always consider the possibility that a seizure could be taking place. People with epilepsy have an episodic medical condition over which they do not have control. It is imperative that people on seizure medication have access to their medicine according to doctors orders.

16 KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER An individual seen shaking and falling followed with confusion is probably having a seizure and should be treated accordingly. Distinguishing between epileptic seizures and medical events resulting in seizures is beyond reasonable expectation. If no history of epilepsy is known, further medical examination is warranted.

17 Guidelines and Policies AD Senate Bill 959

18 SUMMARY Questions