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StructurePotpourriMutations Protein Synthesis

Row 1, Col 1 1 What do these three statements describe? I. Instructions for translating information into proteins II. Alignment and sequence of genes on a chromosome III. Composed of nucleotide triplets The genetic code

1,2 What process results in two complete strands of DNA from one original strand? DNA replication

1,3 Cell mutations within a DNA sequence create genetic diversity. True

1,4 What is the function of mRNA in the diagram above? carrying the genetic message from the nucleus to a ribosome

2,1 DNA provides a very significant role in the formation and development of an organism. What is that role? Encodes information

2,2 Mutations occur during replication. TRUE, but many are corrected

2,3 Describe this mutation. Deletion of a portion of the genes on the p arm of chromosome 5

2,4 What is the purpose of this process? Create polypeptides (proteins)

3,1 DNA regenerates after cell division. FALSE (it copies before cell division)

3,2 The codon chart above is used only for humans. FALSE, its universal

3,3 Any change in the sequence of DNA nucleotides is called? Mutation

3,4 What is the role of the ribosome in protein synthesis? Translates the mRNA into an amino acid chain

4,1 The genetic code is different for plants, animals, and bacteria. FALSE, the genetic code is universal

4,2 All nucleotides are the same. FALSE, they each have a different Nitrogen base

4,3 Mutations that may be passed from parent to offspring occur in which type of cell? Gametic (Sex) cell

4,4 What part of protein synthesis does this diagram represent? tRNA (transfer RNA)

5,1 A linear code of 3 sequential bases on one side of a DNA molecule is a ______. Codon

5,2 Thymine - Uracil Cytosine - Guanine FALSE: A-T, G-C

5,3 A missense (point) mutation Almost always produces a functional protein. TRUE, it encodes the same amino acid as the original codon.

5,4 What does the ‘X’ represent? Anticodon