Pulmonary Circulation Characteristics Low Resistance /Pressure The specific structure(s) primarily responsible for the majority of control of resistance.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Respiratory Physiology: Gas Exchange
Advertisements

The Map Between Lung Mechanics and Tissue Oxygenation The Map Between Lung Mechanics and Tissue Oxygenation.
Chapter 17 Control of Cardiovascular Function
Partial Pressures of O 2 and CO 2 Normal air pressure at sea level 760 mm Hg = 1 atm = kPa airtracheaalveoliartery vein PO
Transport of O2 and CO2 in blood and tissue fluids Dr. Walid Daoud MBBCh, MSc, MD, FCCP Director of Chest Department, Shifa Hospital, A. Professor of Chest.
Lectures on respiratory physiology Pulmonary Blood Flow.
Lecture 5 Blood flow to the lungs (BF) Physiologic shunt (PS) Air flow (AF) Laminar flow (LF) Turbulent flow (TF) Ventilation-perfusion relations.
Why do we breathe? Take in O 2 (which we need to make ATP) Get rid of CO 2 (which is a waste product of ATP synthesis)
Why do we breathe? Take in O 2 (which we need to make ATP) Get rid of CO 2 (which is a waste product of ATP synthesis)
Compliments of Gary Larson Pre-Lab Lecture. Blood Vessels and Circulation Chapter 13.
Physiology of Respiration
Unless otherwise noted, the content of this course material is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Copyright 2008, Thomas Sisson.
MODULE F – HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING. Topics to be Covered Cardiac Output Determinants of Stroke Volume Hemodynamic Measurements Pulmonary Artery Catheterization.
Unit Seven: Respiration
Chapter: 38 Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, Pleural Fluid
Author: Thomas Sisson, MD, 2009 License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution–Non-commercial–Share.
Functional Organization of the Cardiovascular System
Vascular Network = Blood Vessels The left ventricle ejects blood into the aorta, which then distributes the blood flow throughout the body using a network.
Blood Vessels  Arteries: vessels that carry blood away from heart, surrounded by thick layer of smooth muscle, high levels of BP  Capillaries: microscopic.
Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Edema
Functional Organization of the Cardiovascular System
Circulatory System Notes. Pulmonary Circulation: Lungs, oxygen into blood, carbon dioxide out Systemic Circulation: Moves blood to body (not to heart.
carry blood away from heart usually O 2 rich Pulmonary artery – artery leading from heart to lung (deoxygenated) connective tissue and muscle walls elastic.
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Human Physiology Lesson 12c- Blood Vessels
The Closed Circulatory System Humans have a closed circulatory system, typical of all vertebrates, in which blood is confined to vessels and is distinct.
Dr Archna Ghildiyal Associate Professor Department of Physiology KGMU Respiratory System.
08/10/20151 Cardiovascular system (CVS) CVS consists of the heart and a series of blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries).
Gas Exchange Partial pressures of gases Composition of lung gases Alveolar ventilation Diffusion Perfusion = blood flow Matching of ventilation to perfusion.
Pulmonary Circulation Dr. Walid Daoud MBBCh, MSc, MD, FCCP Director of Chest Department, Shifa Hospital, A. Professor of Chest Medicine.
Circulation V. Veins Regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure.
The Circulatory System The Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood Types.
Anatomy of pulmonary circulation Pulmonary vessels Pulmonary vessels Low-pressure, high-flow Thin, distensible – high compliance PA: venous, deoxygenated.
If PAO 2 normally averages 100 mmHg, why is average PaO 2 =95 mmHg?? 1. V/Q differences from apex to base 2. Shunt To understand both influences we must.
CHAPTER 6 DR. CARLOS ORTIZ BIO-208
Physiology of Ventilation Principles of Ventilation.
Fetal Circulation Mike Clark, M.D.. Figure (a) Day 20: Endothelial tubes begin to fuse. (b) Day 22: Heart starts pumping. (c) Day 24: Heart continues.
EDU2HBS Human Body Systems 1 Cardiovascular System.
Primitive Circulation Vertebrate Circulation.
Cardio respiratory System Introduction. Cardiorespiratory System Unit Cardiovascular System Heart Blood Pressure Exercise Diseases Respiratory System.
Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning CHAPTER 18 Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System.
Cardiac Output. Cardiac output The volume of blood pumped by either ventricle in one minute The output of the two ventricles are equal over a period of.
Respiratory Physiology Division of Critical Care Medicine University of Alberta.
Differentiate Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary venous congestion.
CRITICAL CARE CLASS The Heart Weighs about 300 – 400 grams Function is to pump Has both right and left pumps that work as one 4 chambers : 2 atria.
Transport of Oxygen in Blood and tissue fluids DR AMNA TAHIR.
1 Special circulations, Coronary, Pulmonary… Faisal I. Mohammed, MD,PhD.
CV Dynamics flow dynamics For Biol 260 PART 1. Physiology of Circulation: Definition of Terms Blood flow – Volume of blood flowing through a vessel, an.
Lecture 3 O 2 transport CO 2 transport Surface tension Role of surfactant Gas exchange Blood flow.
Chapter 8 Pulmonary Adaptations to Exercise. The Respiratory System Conducting zone - consists of the mouth, nasal cavity and passages, pharynx and trachea.
Date of download: 6/1/2016 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Effect of changing hydrostatic pressure on the distribution of.
DR.P.SUNITHA. The Vascular Pathways The cardiovascular system includes two circuits: 1)Pulmonary circuit which circulates blood through the lungs, and.
air pressure at mouth (Pmouth)
Pulmonary circulation High pressure low flow circulation: Bronchial vessels. Empties into pulmonary veins and enter left heart. Left atrium input, and.
BLOOD VESSELS Arteries Away from the heart Oxygen rich Elasticity and contractility (ANS, sympathetic) Divide into smaller vessels- arterioles Which divide.
Circulatory System Vocabulary. Atrium  Upper chamber of heart.
Gas exchange in the lungs
Ventilation-perfusion Ratio
Circulation and Respiration
Pulmonary Blood Flow.
Pulmonary circulation
Ventilation Perfusion Relationships
TOTAL PULMONARY VENTILATION
Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, Pleural Fluid
Pulmonary circulation
TOTAL PULMONARY VENTILATION
2 Cardiovascular Physiology: Function.
The Circulatory System
Relationship between the Respiratory System & the Circulatory System
The Vascular System.
Presentation transcript:

Pulmonary Circulation Characteristics Low Resistance /Pressure The specific structure(s) primarily responsible for the majority of control of resistance in the resting state is controversial. Resistance more evenly distributed, but majority of resistance is normally on the arterial side (upstream) of the capillaries. Thin-walled arterial system (relatively little smooth muscle) Anatomical considerations Vessels are surrounded by bags of gas and flexible interstitial fluid- filled regions No true arterioles?? Alveolar and extra-alveolar vessels respond to conditions differently

Influences on resistance Neural/Humoral: all the same players as in the periphery (but less effective) and a few with more specific actions Serotonin:Arterial side vasoconstriction Histamine:Venular side vaso(veno)constriction ***venous side can become dominant resistance Intravascular Pressure R 1/P Pulmonary Circulation recruitment (primary) distension

Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (cmH 2 O/L min-1) Arterial or Venous Pressure (cm H 2 O) Increasing Arterial Pressure Increasing Venous Pressure Perfusion

Influences on resistance Lung volume Neural/Humoral: all the same players as in the periphery (but less effective) and a few with more specific actions Serotonin:Aretrial side vasoconstriction HistamineVenular side vaso(veno)constriction Intravascular Pressure R 1/P recruitment (primary) Distension ***Thus, cardiac output is considered to be the primary determinant of pulmonary vascular resistance Pulmonary Circulation

120 Vascular Resistance (cmH 2 O/Lmin -1 ) Lung Volume (ml)

Influences on resistance Lung volume Low Volume: extra-alveolar vessels are smaller, capillaries more open High Volume: extra-alveolar vessels are pulled open; capillaries become defromed by stretch (more oval; higher resistance) * Lung volume effects on extra-alveolar vessels is lost with positive pressure ventilation. PO 2 : Local Control Decreased PAO2 PAO2 causes vasoconstriction. Advantage: blood is shunted away from poorly ventilated alveoli. Surrounding Pressure Alveolar Interstitial (<0) Pulmonary Circulation

The Starling Resistor Concept Pulmonary Circulation

Arterial (P a ) Venous (P v ) Alveolar (P A ) Zone 1 P A >P a >P v Zone 2 P a >P A >P v Zone 3 P a >P v >P A Blood Flow Distance Pulmonary Circulation

Pulmonary Artery Pulmonary Capillaries Pulmonary Vein Left Atrium mmHg Pulmonary Arterial Catheter Tracing Left Atrial Pressure Tracing Pulmonary Circulation

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.