Geographic Coordinate System Coordinate format and notation Laëtitia Beschus – May 2014

Coordinate System Coordinate system is a reference system that enables every location on the earth to be specified by a set of coordinates of known location on a grid. Geographic coordinate System Universal Transverse Mercator System (with zones from 1 to 60 for “longitude” and zones C to X for “latitude”) Universal Polar Stereographic System (for polar regions not cover by the UTM system)

Coordinate System Geographic coordinate System Coordinate system is a reference system that enables every location on the earth to be specified by a set of coordinates of known location on a grid. Geographic coordinate System Universal Transverse Mercator System (with zones from 1 to 60 for “longitude” and zones C to X for “latitude”) Universal Polar Stereographic System (for polar regions not cover by the UTM system)

Latitude Longitude + - + - (60 parallels) (360 meridians) A point is referenced by its latitude and longitude values. Latitude (60 parallels) Longitude (360 meridians) Prime Meridian Greenwich Meridian + - + Equator -

P A Point A is situated in the Northern Hemispher, on the right hand side of the prime meridian  East. The angle made from the earth’s centre to A relative to equator is 58° (=latitude). The angle made from the earth’s centre to A relative to the prime meridian is 80° (=longitude). Point P is situated in the Northern Hemispher, on the left hand side of the prime meridian  West. The angle made from the earth’s centre to P relative to equator is 40° (=latitude). The angle made from the earth’s centre to P relative to the prime meridian is 60° (=longitude).

Coordinate formats and Notation The three symbols and their shortcut used: U+00B0 U+0027 U+0022 There are sixty seconds in a minute (60" = 1') and There are sixty minutes in a degree (60' = 1°). DMS is the most common format DM is commonly used when working with electronic navigation equipment DD is displayed mostly on computer based mapping systems.

Coordinate formats and Notation Basic rules under ISO 6709: First, latitude value, then longitude value Coordinate values should be delimited by spaces or by comma if (+) and (-) is replacing N/S and E/W. When minutes and seconds are less than ten, leading zeroes should be shown. North and south latitudes should be indicated by N (or +) and S (or -) following immediately after (or before) the digits. East and west longitudes should be indicated by E (or +) and W (or -) following immediately after (or before) the digits.

A = Beggars Bush, Dublin Point A is situated in the Northern Hemispher, on the left hand side of the prime meridian  West. Equator Greenwich Meridian Location given in Degree, Minutes and Seconds (DMS): 53°20'11.512"N 06°14'07.52W Location given in Degree Decimal‐Minutes (DM): 53°20.1919’N 06°14.1253W Location given in Decimal Degrees (DD): 53.336531 , -06.235422 OR 53.336531°N 06.235422°W

Coordinate conversion Location given in Degree, Minutes and Seconds (DMS): 53°20'11.512"N 06°14'07.52W Latitude (DD) = D . (M/60) + (S/3600) Latitude (DD) = 53 . (20/60) + (11,512/3600) Latitude (DD) = 53 . 0,3333 + 0,0031978 Latitude (DD) = 53.33653 Location given in Decimal Degrees (DD): 53.336531 , -06.235422 Latitude (DMS) = D ° (0,D *60) ' (0, xxxx *60) " Latitude (DMS) = 53 ° (0,336531*60) ' (0,19186*60) " Latitude (DMS) = 53 ° 20, xxxx ' 11,5116 " Latitude (DMS) = 53°20'11,5116"

Geographic Coordinate System in Adlib Coordinates can be edited in the tab “Field Collection”

Geographic Coordinate System in Adlib Coordinates can be edited in “Co-ordinates field collection place”

Geographic Coordinate System in Adlib For Challenger Expedition, the two coordinates format that are used to complete the records are : the coordinates DMS  Lat/Long (DMS) the coordinates DD  Lat/Long (DegDec) Right click Search linked file South (S.) or North (N.) East (E.) or West (W.) Latitude with the right format Longitude with the right format

Geographic Coordinate System in Adlib Make sure that the coordinates match the place!

Coordinate system is a reference system that enables every location on the earth to be specified by a set of coordinates of known location on a grid. Geographic coordinate System Universal Transverse Mercator System (with zones from 1 to 60 for “longitude” and zones C to X for “latitude”) Geographic Coordinate System is a reference system that uses a 3D spherical surface to define locations on the earth. A point is referenced by its latitude and longitude values. Latitude is an angle (degrees or grads) measure from the earth’s centre to a point on the earth’s surface, relative to the equator and range from -90° at the south pole to +90° at the north pole. Longitude is an angle (degrees or grads) measured from the earth’s centre to a point on the earth’s surface, relative to the prime meridian and range from -180° to +180°. The prime meridian was adopted in 1884 during the International Meridian Conference. Graticule is the grid covering the globe by meridians and parallels. Horizon is the extent of the coordinate system. Generally, the edges are at -180/+180 for the east–west extents, and -/+90 for the north–south extents.

Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS) South Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS) North

References http://resources.esri.com/help/9.3/arcgisengine/dotnet/89b720a5-7339-44b0-8b58-0f5bf2843393.htm (check) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system (check) http://www.nrri.umn.edu/worms/downloads/team/TheGeographicCoordinateSystem.pdf (check) http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v8/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.db2.udb.doc/opt/csb3022a.htm (check) http://resources.arcgis.com/en/help/main/10.1/index.html#//003r00000006000000 (check) https://www.maptools.com/tutorials/lat_lon/formats http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_6709 tools http://www.sunearthtools.com/dp/tools/conversion.php http://transition.fcc.gov/mb/audio/bickel/DDDMMSS-decimal.html http://www.gps-coordinates.net/gps-coordinates-converter