 Lincoln – North  Jefferson Davis - South

 Ulysses S. Grant – North  Robert E. Lee - South

Advantages  Larger Population  More industry and resources  More Railroads  More Ships  Functioning government Disadvantages  Didn’t know the territory in the South

Advantages  Excellent Military Leadership  Fighting on their own land Disadvantages  Forming a new government at the same time as war  Little industry  Few Railroads  Fear of Slave revolts

1860

 November 1860

 April 12, 1861  Charleston, South Carolina  First Battle of the Civil War Ft. Sumter

 11 states in the confederacy  Fought to preserve their way of life

 Lincoln blockades the South – tries to cut off supplies from getting to the south

 Small boats that tried to get past the Union ships to get supplies into the South

 Battle of Bull Run  Believing that the war wouldn’t last long, people brought picnics to sit and watch the battle  Union defeat

 Merrimac vs. Monitor  The Confederate Ironclad 'Merrimac' sinks two wooden Union ships then battles the Union Ironclad 'Monitor' to a draw.  Naval warfare changes making wooden ships obsolete

 Battle of Antietam  The bloodiest day in the Civil War – 26,000 died  First Major Battle in the North  Influences Lincoln to issue Emancipation Proclamation

 President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation  freeing all slaves in territories held by Confederates  encourages the enlisting of black soldiers in the Union Army.

 Battle of Gettysburg  South loses  Turning Point of the war  Devastated the South Economy  South loses support of England

 Battle of Vicksburg  The Union needed control of Mississippi River  Union won  Split the confederacy into two parts

 President Lincoln delivers a two minute Gettysburg Address at a ceremony dedicating the Battlefield as a National Cemetery.

 General Sherman (Union) captures Atlanta  Victory helps Lincoln get re-elected

 Abe Lincoln is re-elected

 Sherman’s March to the Sea  Sherman marches his troops from Atlanta to Savannah destroying everything in his path

 The Battle of Ft. Fisher  Union wins and now controls the entrance to the South’s last major Port

 13 th Amendment approved  Officially abolishes slavery

 Watch “The Powers of War”  Why was it so important to pass the 13 th amendment before the end of the war? Lincoln didn’t think the Emancipation Proclamation would hold up in court…therefore the slaves had to be freed by law

 He needed votes to pass the Amendment  In order to secure Republican votes, he made a deal to discuss peace with the South  This upset many

 Watch the clip and take notes on:  how Lincoln chooses to handle this problem  why does he change the telegraph that he is sending to U. S. Grant?  Why does he stop the Confederates from coming to talk peace?  1:14:25 "No 16 Year olds left"

 He believes that the freedom of the slaves must be done before ending the war. Therefore he can't talk peace yet.

 Watch the Clip "Morning of the Vote“  How does George Pendleton try to stop the vote?

 Wilmington is captured  Bellamy Mansion becomes Union headquarters  Lee said, “If Wilmington falls, the Confederacy falls”  Wilmington was the last port for the South

 General Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House

Grant made soldiers turn in their rifles, but officers were allowed to keep their pistols. Soldiers that had horses could keep them, as they needed them for farm work back home. Grant said that all men could return to their homes without being disturbed by the U.S. authorities. As the Union soldiers began to cheer, Grant ordered them silent saying that the rebels were countrymen again, not enemies.

 Battle of Palmito Ranch  Last Battle of Civil War

 Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court House

 Lincoln and his wife go to a play at Ford’s Theatre  John Wilkes Booth sneaks in and shoots Lincoln

 Lincoln dies  VP Andrew Johnson assumes presidency

 John Wilkes Booth is shot and killed in a barn

 Reconstruction begins