Q: Which ones are natural resources in Canada?  Maple Syrup  Snow  Forests  Fish  Justin Bieber  Oil  Hockey players

 Write down plus anything in a  Also write down the titles of each natural resource when you see them White box (except maps and diagrams)

2 types of natural resources: 1.Renewable: a resource that replaces itself. Ex. Trees, fish 2.Non-Renewable: a resource that DOES NOT replace itself. It can only be used once. Ex. Oil, iron ore Natural Resource: A natural material that is useful and valuable to humans.

Precipitation soaks into the ground. This is called groundwater. Groundwater is used by plants, farmers, and wells for drinking water The water table is the level of groundwater in the earth Wetlands are areas that are saturated with water (e.g. marshes, swamps). They cover 14% of Canada’s area

The rest is fossil water that is in lakes, underground aquifers, and glaciers More than half of this water drains into the Arctic Ocean and Hudson Bay… We have 20% of the world’s fresh water BUT, only 7% of the world’s renewable fresh water So it is unavailable to the 85% of people who live in southern Canada So our water supply is actually very stressed!

There are 5 drainage basins of Canada…

Washing machine230 l/use Bath130 l/use Shower25 l/minute Dishwasher65 l/use Toilet flush20 l/use Running faucet12 l/minute An average Canadian uses 330 l/day Canadians are the second-largest water users in the world!

Water Pollution Can come from: PesticidesPesticides ChemicalsChemicals SewageSewage FertilizersFertilizers ManureManure GarbageGarbage

Did you know...? Canada’s largest oil refinery is in Saint John, New Brunswick. The Irving Oil refinery accounts for more than 40% of Canada’s total petroleum exports.

CountryBarrels Venezuela (OPEC) 297,570,000,000Venezuela Saudi Arabia (OPEC)264,600,000,000Saudi Arabia Canada 255,200,000,000Canada Iran (OPEC)150,600,000,000Iran Iraq (OPEC)143,500,000,000Iraq Kuwait (OPEC)104,000,000,000Kuwait United Arab Emirates (OPEC) 97,800,000,000United Arab Emirates Russia 74,200,000,000Russia Libya (OPEC) 47,000,000,000Libya Nigeria (OPEC) 37,200,000,000Nigeria Oil is measured in barrels: 1 barrel = 42 US gallons or about 159 L How Much Oil Does Canada Have?

Oil Consumption

Oil comes from petroleum Petroleum is formed by decayed plants and animals over millions of years. The weight of the layers above compresses the lower layers into _________________ rock Eventually they get converted into oil and natural gas

Where is the Oil in Canada? Where is there sedimentary rock? Southern Interior Plains Athabasca Oil Sands Also on the ocean floor, off the coast of NFLD Hibernia 

Only about 7% of Canada’s land is used for farming; (3 times bigger than Great Britain) It is worth more than $11 billion a year In the 1880s, 80% of Canadians were farmers; today only 3% Mechanization has brought many changes

4 Main Types of Farming… Wheat Dairy & Livestock Fruits & Vegetables Beef Cattle & Grain

IntensiveExtensive  Small farms  Lots of labour and money needed  Ontario, Quebec  Fruits, vegetables, dairy, poultry, hogs (perishable products)  Large farms  Lots of machinery, few workers  Prairies  Cattle, ranching  Less perishable products

Mechanization on the farm: · The increase in new technologies and equipment in farming is called “mechanization.” Soil is damaged by Erosion, Contamination, & Overuse  Today, there are more than twice as many tractors and combines as agricultural workers.  ·Use of machines has resulted in loss of jobs  ·But, farms are more profitable now

Canada has 10% of the world’s forests! How Much is Harvested? less that 1 percent per year (slightly larger than PEI)

What is a… A tree with cones and needle leaves (evergreen); softwood A tree that sheds its leaves every autumn (broad-leaved); hardwood 2) Coniferous tree? 1) Deciduous tree?

Found in every region EXCEPT… Innuition Mountains Arctic Lowlands Southern Interior Plains

TechniquesCut ting Clear-Cutting Shelterwood Cutting Selective Cutting Every tree is cut down Cheap and fast Clear-cutting only part of the forest (the old growth part) Cutting only mature trees of the right size and type

Do You Know Where This Is? “The Big Nickel” in Sudbury

Metallic Minerals: Fossil Fuels: Industrial Minerals: Gold, Silver, Copper, Platinum, IronGold, Silver, Copper, Platinum, Iron Coal, Natural Gas, OilCoal, Natural Gas, Oil Diamonds, Salt, SandDiamonds, Salt, Sand

Diavik Diamond Mine, NWT Quarry on Escarpment Runoff

Bagger 288, Germany

Gold Nickel Diamonds Coal

Cod Haddock Tuna The fish caught by Canadian fishers can be classified into 3 types. 1) Groundfish: feed on the bottom. Cod, Haddock, Halibut 2) Pelagic: feed near surface in open water. Salmon, Tuna, Mackerel 3) Shellfish: Shrimp, Lobster, Scallops 3 Types of fish caught in Canada:

What Makes It So Good? There are shallow areas called continental shelves and even shallower areas called fishing banks It’s so shallow (<200m) that sunlight can penetrate to the bottom, causing a lot of plankton to grow, which fish feed on Also, this area is where the Labrador Current and Gulf Stream meet, which causes a lot of nutrients to be stirred up EAST COAST FISHING:

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A method of managing economic growth that also protects the environment and natural resources. Sustainable Development: