SIX STROKE DIESEL ENGINE Department of Mechanical Engineering A Seminar Presentation On SIX STROKE DIESEL ENGINE

CONTENTS Introduction Types of Six stroke engines Bajulaz Six stroke Diesel engine Dual fuel Six stroke engine Comparison Specifications Features Performance and economy Conclusion

INTRODUCTION The six-stroke engine is a type of internal combustion engine based on the four-stroke engine. First developed in early 1990’s Advancement is the Duel fuel six stroke diesel engine More efficient & reduce emissions.

Approaches for six stroke engine design First approach There is two additional strokes by the main piston as fifth and sixth stroke Second approach It uses a second opposed piston which moves at half the cyclical rate of the main piston

Bajulaz six stroke engine TYPES: SIX STROKE ENGINE FIRST APPROACH Griffin six stroke engine Bajulaz six stroke engine Crower six stroke engine Velozeta six stroke engine SECOND APPROACH Beare head six stroke engine Charge pump engine

BAJULAZ SIX STROKE ENGINE Intake valve Heating chamber valve Combustion chamber valve Exhaust valve Cylinder Combustion chamber Air heating chamber Wall of combustion chamber Fuel injector Heater plug Intake of pure air in the cylinder STROKE 1

STROKE 2 STROKE 3 Compression of pure air in heating chamber Release of combustion gases in the cylinder

STROKE 4 STROKE 5 Recompression of pure air in the combustion chamber Release of pure air into cylinder

STROKE 6 Exhaust of combustion gases

DUAL FUEL SIX STROKE ENGINE This engine runs by two fuels i.e. diesel (primary fuel) and methanol (secondary fuel)

PV DIAGRAMS

SPECIFICATIONS

COMPARISONS Comparison between four stroke & six stroke diesel engines Engine Parameters Four Stroke Diesel Engine Six Stroke Engine Speed Ne [rpm] 2007 2016 Supplied combustion heat per cycle Qt [KJ/cycle] 0.50 0.68 Supplied combustion heat per unit time Ht [KJ/s] 8.36 7.62 Intake air flow per cycle Ma [mg/cycle] 358.7 371.4 Injection quantity per cycle Mf [mg/cycle] 11.8 16 Excess air ratio λ 2.40 1.83 Intake air flow per unit time Ma [g/cycle] 6.00 4.16 Injection quantity per unit time Mf [g/sec] 0.197 0.179 Brake torque Tb [N-m] 15.52 15.28 Brake power Lb [KW] 3.26 3.24 BSFC. b [ g / KW-h] 217.9 520.3 IMEP Pi [Kgf / cm2] 5.94 4.37 Indicated torque Ti [N-m] 19.10 18.71 Indicated power Li [KW] 4.01 3.75 ISFC bi [g / KW-h ] 177.2 163.3

Diesel Fuel Six Stroke Diesel Engine Comparison between six stroke diesel & dual fuel six stroke engines Diesel Fuel Six Stroke Diesel Engine Dual Fuel Six Stroke Diesel Engine Engine Speed Ne [rpm] 2016 2006 Supplied combustion heat per cycle Qt [kJ/cycle] 0.68 Injection quantity per cycle (First Combustion Stroke) Mf1 [mg/cycle] 8.0 (Diesel Fuel) (Second Combustion Stroke) Mf2 [mg/cycle] 17.2 (Methanol) Excess air ratio λ 1.86 1.93 Brake torque Tb [N-m] 6.18 6.08 Brake power Lb [kW] 1.52 1.5 B.S.F.C. b [ g / kW.h] 504.0 777.7 I.M.E.P. Pi [kgf / cm2] 4.56 4.75 Indicated torque Ti [N-m] 21.68 20.38 Indicated power Li [kW] 3.45 2.98 I.S.F.C. bi [g / kW.h ] 155.5 236.2 Indicated specific heat consumption bi’ [MJ /kW.h] 6.61 6.37

Lower maintenance costs due to less wearing parts (cylinder head) Longer service intervals possible due to lower operating temperatures recorded Increase in thermal efficiency by more than 20% Reduced fuel consumption

IMPROVEMENTS IN EXHAUST Four Stroke Diesel Engine Six Stroke Diesel Engine Dual Fuel Six Stroke Engine Nitrous Oxide [ppm] ( % improvement) 768 113 (85.3%) 90.5 (88.2%) Soot [%] (%improvement) 6.8 28.8 (- 323.5%) (100%) Indicated specific heat consumption bi’ [MJ/KW-h] (% improvement) 7.51 6.61 (12.0%) 6.37 (15.2%)

ADVANTAGES Reduction in fuel consumption by at least 40% Two expansions(work/Power stroke) in six strokes Dramatic reduction in pollution ( up to 65%) Higher overall efficiency Lower engine temperature & noise level Due to more air intake, the cooling system is improved Better scavenging and more extraction of work per cycle Less inertia due to lightness of moving parts

DISADVANTAGES Brake power & indicated power per cycle per cylinder is comparatively lesser Engine size increases due to many number of cylinders & additional components Higher manufacturing cost of six stroke engine

APPLICATIONS Automobiles, heavy goods, construction-site and farm vehicles.  motor-pumps, generator sets, stationary engines, etc....intended for agriculture and industry. Motorboats

CONCLUSION Drastically reducing fuel consumption (by 40%) and pollution (by 60-90%) without radically affecting performances For the dual fuel six-stroke engine, soot & nitrous oxide was practically eliminated by a small amount of methanol in the second combustion process. It enables lower engine temperature and therefore increases in the overall efficiency.

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