Grade IV Referee Course Preparation The one day Referee Course has been designed for candidates who already have a good knowledge of the Rules. The following quiz should assist you to become familiar with the rules and measure your knowledge. Click to continue

Answer the questions below using the Rules of Volleyball, which can be found at: The more familiar you are with the material the more likely you will pass the course! The course will consist of a half- day in the sports hall doing practical revision followed by the afternoon in a classroom for further revision and taking the scoring and refereeing exam. Click to continue

The questions in this preparation quiz are to aid your understanding of the Rules. You must be familiar with all the Rules, not just those covered by the questions. Additionally, take time to look at the all diagrams at the end of the Rules, noting particularly the zone names and hand signals. Click to continue

Start the Quiz Click on the link above to start the quiz. Don’t forget to read the answers! Run the quiz as many times as you wish. The quiz will tell you at the end your score. The Referee exam requires 80%! END QUIZ

Question 1 (Rule 1.3.4) How far is the attack line from the centre line? 2 metres3 metres4 metres Click on the correct answer

18 m 9 m 3 m CORRECT – measured from the back of the attack line to centre line, making the line part of the front zone. Click to continue Rule 1.3.4

18 m 9 m 3 m INCORRECT – measured from the back of the attack line to centre line the distance is 3 metres, making the line part of the front zone. Click to continue Rule 1.3.4

Question 2 (Rule 1.5) The minimum temperature for volleyball is 10 ⁰ C 12 ⁰ C14 ⁰ C There isn’t one! Click on the correct answer

The minimum temperature shall not be below 10° C. CORRECT Click to continue Rule 1.5

The minimum temperature shall not be below 10° C. INCORRECT Click to continue Rule 1.5

Question 3 (Rule 2.1.1) The height of the net for men is 2.24m2.35m Click on the correct answer 2.43m

CORRECT 1 m 2.43 m (Men) Click to continue Rule 2.1.1

INCORRECT 1 m 2.43 m (Men) Click to continue Rule 2.1.1

Question 4 (Rule 2.1.1) The height of the net for women is 2.24m2.35m2.43m Click on the correct answer

CORRECT 1 m 2.24 m (Women) Click to continue Rule 2.1.1

INCORRECT 1 m 2.24 m (Women) Click to continue Rule 2.1.1

Where is the net height measured from? Question 5 (Rule 2.1.2) The side of the net nearest the first referee The centre of the net The sides of the net Click on the correct answer

CORRECT The height of the net is measured from the centre of the playing court. Click to continue Rule 2.1.2

INCORRECT The height of the net is measured from the centre of the playing court. Click to continue Rule 2.1.2

Question 6 (Rule 2.1.2) The net height over the side lines must not exceed the official height by more than Click on the correct answer 1cm 2cm 3cm

CORRECT The net height (over the two side lines) must be the same and not exceed the official height by more than 2cm. This means, for a women's net height, it cannot be 2.26m on one side and 2.25m on the other side. It must, of course, be 2.24m in the centre of the net. Similar for a men’s net height. Click to continue Rule 2.1.2

INCORRECT The net height (over the two side lines) must be the same and not exceed the official height by more than 2cm. This means, for a women's net height, it cannot be 2.26m on one side and 2.25m on the other side. It must, of course, be 2.24m in the centre of the net. Similar for a men’s net height. Click to continue Rule 2.1.2

Question 7 (Rule 2.1.4) What is the height of the antenna above the net and how long are the stripes on the antenna? 1m and 10cm 80cm and 20cm 80cm and 10cm Click on the correct answer

CORRECT Click to continue The top 80cm of each antenna extends above the net and is marked with 10cm stripes of contrasting colour, preferably red and white. Note the antenna is fastened at the outer edge of the side band so in this picture the court must be on the left. Rule 2.1.4

INCORRECT Click to continue The top 80cm of each antenna extends above the net and is marked with 10cm stripes of contrasting colour, preferably red and white. Note the antenna is fastened at the outer edge of the side band so in this picture the court must be on the left. Rule 2.1.4

Question 8 (Rule 3.1) What is the inside pressure of the ball, measured in kg/cm 2 (kilograms per square centimetre)? Click on the correct answer 0.25 to 0.30 kg/cm to kg/cm to kg/cm to kg/cm 2

CORRECT Click to continue The inside pressure of the ball shall be 0.30 to kg/cm 2 These are types of pressure gauge that can be used. Rule 3.1

INCORRECT Click to continue The inside pressure of the ball shall be 0.30 to kg/cm 2 These are types of pressure gauge that can be used. Rule 3.1

Question 9 (Rule 4.1.1) Click on the correct answer Up to how many players may a team consist of?

Click to continue CORRECT For a match, a team may consist of up to 12 players, plus - Coaching staff: one coach, a maximum of two assistant coaches, - Medical staff: one team therapist and one medical doctor. Only those listed on the score sheet may normally enter the Competition/Control Area and take part in the official warm up and in the match. One of the players is the team captain. Rule 4.1.1

Click to continue INCORRECT For a match, a team may consist of up to 12 players, plus - Coaching staff: one coach, a maximum of two assistant coaches, - Medical staff: one team therapist and one medical doctor. Only those listed on the score sheet may normally enter the Competition/Control Area and take part in the official warm up and in the match. One of the players is the team captain. Rule 4.1.1

Question 10 (Rule 4.2.3/4.2.4) During a match, when can a player warm-up with a ball? Click on the correct answer Any time in the warm-up area. During a time-out. Between the sets.

CORRECT Click to continue Players not in play may warm-up without balls as follows: - during play: in the warm-up areas - during time-outs and technical time-outs: in the free zone behind their court. During set intervals, players may warm-up using balls within their own free zone. Rule 4.2.3/4.2.4

INCORRECT Click to continue Players not in play may warm-up without balls as follows: - during play: in the warm-up areas - during time-outs and technical time-outs: in the free zone behind their court. During set intervals, players may warm-up using balls within their own free zone. Rule 4.2.3/4.2.4

Click on the correct answer Question 11 (Rule 4.3.3) Players’ jerseys must be numbered from 1 to 12 1 to 18 1 to 20 1 to 99

CORRECT Click to continue Players' jerseys must be numbered from 1 to 20. The number must be placed on the jersey at the centre of the front and of the back. The colour and brightness of the numbers must contrast with the colour and brightness of the jerseys. The number must be a minimum of 15 cm in height on the chest, and a minimum of 20 cm in height on the back. The stripe forming the numbers shall be a minimum of 2 cm in width. It is forbidden to wear uniforms of a colour different from that of the other players (except for the Liberos), and/or without official numbers. Rule 4.3.3

INCORRECT Click to continue Players' jerseys must be numbered from 1 to 20. The number must be placed on the jersey at the centre of the front and of the back. The colour and brightness of the numbers must contrast with the colour and brightness of the jerseys. The number must be a minimum of 15 cm in height on the chest, and a minimum of 20 cm in height on the back. The stripe forming the numbers shall be a minimum of 2 cm in width. It is forbidden to wear uniforms of a colour different from that of the other players (except for the Liberos), and/or without official numbers. Rule 4.3.3

Question 12 (Rule 4.3.4) Click on the correct answer What are the dimensions of the captain’s jersey stripe? 8 x 2 cm 15 x 2 cm 20 x 2 cm

CORRECT Click to continue The team captain must have on his/her jersey a stripe of 8 x 2 cm underlining the number on the chest. The GB 2012 women's team; note captain number 10. Rule 4.3.4

INCORRECT Click to continue The team captain must have on his/her jersey a stripe of 8 x 2 cm underlining the number on the chest. The GB 2012 women's team; note captain number 10. Rule 4.3.4

When the team captain is not on court the libero is appointed game captain. Question 13 (Rule 5.1.2) Click on the correct answer What is the difference between the team captain and the game captain? The team captain and the game captain is always the same person. When the team captain is not on court another player is appointed game captain.

CORRECT Click to continue DURING THE MATCH and while on the court, the team captain is the game captain. When the team captain is not on the court, the coach or the team captain must assign another player on the court, but not the Libero, to assume the role of game captain. This game captain maintains his/her responsibilities until he/she is substituted, or the team captain returns to play, or the set ends. Rule 5.1.2

INCORRECT Click to continue DURING THE MATCH and while on the court, the team captain is the game captain. When the team captain is not on the court, the coach or the team captain must assign another player on the court, but not the Libero, to assume the role of game captain. This game captain maintains his/her responsibilities until he/she is substituted, or the team captain returns to play, or the set ends. Rule 5.1.2

Click on the correct answer The coach. The game captain. Question 14 (Rule ) When the ball is out of play, who is authorised to speak to the referees? The team captain whether on court or not. Any player provided they are polite.

CORRECT When the ball is out of play, only the game captain is authorized to speak to the referees: to ask for an explanation on the application or interpretation of the Rules, and also to submit the requests or questions of his/her team-mates. If the game captain does not agree with the explanation of the 1st referee, he/she may choose to protest against such decision and immediately indicates to the 1st referee that he/she reserves the right to record an official protest on the score sheet at the end of the match; to ask authorization: a) to change all or part of the equipment, b) to verify the positions of the teams, c) to check the floor, the net, the ball, etc.; in the absence of the coach to request time-outs and substitutions. Click to continue Rule

INCORRECT When the ball is out of play, only the game captain is authorized to speak to the referees: to ask for an explanation on the application or interpretation of the Rules, and also to submit the requests or questions of his/her team-mates. If the game captain does not agree with the explanation of the 1st referee, he/she may choose to protest against such decision and immediately indicates to the 1st referee that he/she reserves the right to record an official protest on the score sheet at the end of the match; to ask authorization: a) to change all or part of the equipment, b) to verify the positions of the teams, c) to check the floor, the net, the ball, etc.; in the absence of the coach to request time-outs and substitutions. Click to continue Rule

Question 15 (Rule 5.2.2) Click on the correct answer When does the coach sign the score sheet? Before the match After the match Before & after the match Never

CORRECT PRIOR TO THE MATCH, the coach records or checks the names and numbers of his/her players on the score sheet, and then signs it. The team captain signs the score sheet before and after the match. Click to continue Rule 5.2.2

INCORRECT Click to continue PRIOR TO THE MATCH, the coach records or checks the names and numbers of his/her players on the score sheet, and then signs it. The team captain signs the score sheet before and after the match. Rule 5.2.2

Question 16 (Rule 6.4.3) Click on the correct answer In the second set a team only has five players due to an injury. The player is unable to continue. What should happen? They finish the match with 5 players. The team is declared in default and loses the match. The team is declared incomplete and loses the match.

CORRECT If a team refuses to play after being summoned to do so, it is declared in default and forfeits the match with the result 0-3 for the match and 0-25 for each set. A team that, without justifiable reason, does not appear on the playing court on time is declared in default with the same result as above. A team that is declared INCOMPLETE for the set or for the match, loses the set or the match. The opponent team is given the points, or the points and the sets, needed to win the set or the match. The incomplete team keeps its points and sets. Click to continue Rule 6.4.3

INCORRECT If a team refuses to play after being summoned to do so, it is declared in default and forfeits the match with the result 0-3 for the match and 0-25 for each set. A team that, without justifiable reason, does not appear on the playing court on time is declared in default with the same result as above. A team that is declared INCOMPLETE for the set or for the match, loses the set or the match. The opponent team is given the points, or the points and the sets, needed to win the set or the match. The incomplete team keeps its points and sets. Click to continue Rule 6.4.3

Click on the correct answer Question 17 (Rule 7.1) The captain that wins the toss may choose which of the following: To serve or the side of the court To serve or receive service, or the side of the court To serve

CORRECT Click to continue The winner of the toss chooses: EITHER the right to serve or to receive the service, OR the side of the court. The loser takes the remaining choice. Rule 7.1

INCORRECT Click to continue The winner of the toss chooses: EITHER the right to serve or to receive the service, OR the side of the court. The loser takes the remaining choice. Rule 7.1

Question 18 (Rule 7.3.4) Click on the correct answer The coach wishes to make a change to the line-up after handing the line-up sheet to the 2 nd referee. What must he/she do? Just amend the line-up sheet. Make a regular substitution No change can be made

CORRECT Click to continue Once the line-up sheet has been delivered to the 2nd referee or scorer, no change in the line-up may be authorized without a regular substitution.

INCORRECT Click to continue Once the line-up sheet has been delivered to the 2nd referee or scorer, no change in the line-up may be authorized without a regular substitution.

Question 19 (Rule ) Click on the correct answer At the start of the match the players’ positions on court do not match the line-up sheet positions – what should happen? The team loses serve or a point for being in the wrong position. The team positions are corrected without any sanction. If the coach wishes to keep the players’ positions, the line-up sheet must be amended.

CORRECT Click to continue Discrepancies between players’ position on court and on the line-up sheet are dealt with as follows: when such a discrepancy is discovered before the start of the set, players' positions must be rectified according to those on the line-up sheet – there will be no sanction; when, before the start of the set, any player on court is found not to be registered on the line-up sheet of that set, this player must be changed to conform to the line-up sheet – there will be no sanction; however, if the coach wishes to keep such non-recorded player(s) on the court, he/she has to request regular substitution(s), by use of the corresponding hand signal, which will then be recorded on the score sheet. Make sure you read the second paragraph of rule ! Rule 7.3.4

INCORRECT Click to continue Discrepancies between players’ position on court and on the line-up sheet are dealt with as follows: when such a discrepancy is discovered before the start of the set, players' positions must be rectified according to those on the line-up sheet – there will be no sanction; when, before the start of the set, any player on court is found not to be registered on the line-up sheet of that set, this player must be changed to conform to the line-up sheet – there will be no sanction; however, if the coach wishes to keep such non-recorded player(s) on the court, he/she has to request regular substitution(s), by use of the corresponding hand signal, which will then be recorded on the score sheet. Make sure you read the second paragraph of rule ! Rule 7.3.4

Click on the correct answer Question 20 (Rule 7.4.3) Players positions on court are determined according to the positions of their feet. Which of the following statements are correct? A front-row player must have part of his/her foot closer to the centre line than the corresponding back-row player. A front-row player must have part of his/her foot closer to the side line than the corresponding back-row player. A right-side player must have part of his/her foot closer to the right side line than the corresponding back-row player.

CORRECT Click to continue each front-row player must have at least a part of his/her foot closer to the centre line than the feet of the corresponding back-row player; each right (left) side player must have at least a part of his/her foot closer to the right (left) side line than the feet of the centre player in that row. After the service hit, the players may move around and occupy any position on their court and the free zone Rule 7.4.3

INCORRECT Click to continue each front-row player must have at least a part of his/her foot closer to the centre line than the feet of the corresponding back-row player; each right (left) side player must have at least a part of his/her foot closer to the right (left) side line than the feet of the centre player in that row. After the service hit, the players may move around and occupy any position on their court and the free zone Rule 7.4.3

It is the same fault Click on the correct answer Question 21 (Rule 7.5/7.7) What is the difference between a positional fault and a rotational fault? A positional fault is when the player is in the wrong position at the moment the ball is hit by the server. A rotational fault is committed when the wrong player serves. A positional fault is when the player is in the wrong position at the moment the ball is hit by the server. A rotational fault is when the back court setter is closer to the centre line than the front court player.

CORRECT Click to continue The team commits a positional fault, if any player is not in his/her correct position at the moment the ball is hit by the server. This includes when a player is on court through illegal substitution. A rotational fault is committed when the SERVICE is not made according to the rotational order. Rule 7.5/7.7

INCORRECT Click to continue The team commits a positional fault, if any player is not in his/her correct position at the moment the ball is hit by the server. This includes when a player is on court through illegal substitution. A rotational fault is committed when the SERVICE is not made according to the rotational order. Rule 7.5/7.7

Question 22 (Rule 9.2.3) Click on the correct answer When may a player make consecutive touches of the ball, in a single action? During the block When digging the ball Playing the ball after the libero

CORRECT Click to continue The ball may touch various parts of the body, provided that the contacts take place simultaneously. Exceptions: at blocking, consecutive contacts may be made by one or more player(s), provided that the contacts occur during one action; at the first hit of the team, the ball may contact various parts of the body consecutively, provided that the contacts occur during one action. The first team hit is the first ball over the net, including service, and also includes the first ball after the block. Rule 9.2.3

INCORRECT Click to continue The ball may touch various parts of the body, provided that the contacts take place simultaneously. Exceptions: at blocking, consecutive contacts may be made by one or more player(s), provided that the contacts occur during one action; at the first hit of the team, the ball may contact various parts of the body consecutively, provided that the contacts occur during one action. The first team hit is the first ball over the net, including service, and also includes the first ball after the block. Rule 9.2.3

Question 23 (Rule ) A ball that crosses to the opponent’s free zone over the antenna may be played back within the team hits, provided that: It is played by the same player. When played back, the ball crosses over or outside the antenna. The player is on the opponent’s court. Click on the correct answer

CORRECT Click to continue Rule The ball that has crossed the net plane to the opponent's free zone totally or partly through the external space, may be played back within the team hits, provided that: the opponent's court is not touched by the player; the ball, when played back, crosses the net plane again totally or partly through the external space on the same side of the court. The opponent team may not prevent such action. See also diagrams 5a and 5b which attempt to illustrate this Rule.

INCORRECT Rule The ball that has crossed the net plane to the opponent's free zone totally or partly through the external space, may be played back within the team hits, provided that: the opponent's court is not touched by the player; the ball, when played back, crosses the net plane again totally or partly through the external space on the same side of the court. The opponent team may not prevent such action. See also diagrams 5a and 5b which attempt to illustrate this Rule. Click to continue

with any part of their foot, completely over the centre line. Question 24 (Rule ) Provided a player doesn’t interfere with the opponent’s play, they may penetrate into the opponent’s court. They may not touch the opponent’s court: with their hands. with their foot, even if it is over or in contact with the centre line.

CORRECT Rule /2 It is permitted to penetrate into the opponent’s space under the net, provided that this does not interfere with the opponent’s play. Penetration into the opponent's court, beyond the centre line: to touch the opponent's court with a foot (feet) is permitted, provided that some part of the penetrating foot (feet) remains either in contact with or directly above the centre line; to touch the opponent’s court with any part of the body above the feet is permitted provided that it does not interfere with the opponent’s play. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule /2 It is permitted to penetrate into the opponent’s space under the net, provided that this does not interfere with the opponent’s play. Penetration into the opponent's court, beyond the centre line: to touch the opponent's court with a foot (feet) is permitted, provided that some part of the penetrating foot (feet) remains either in contact with or directly above the centre line; to touch the opponent’s court with any part of the body above the feet is permitted provided that it does not interfere with the opponent’s play. Click to continue

Question 25 (Rule 11.3) A player touches the net during play. It is a fault when: the player touches the bottom of the net while digging the ball. the player touches the top of the net but outside the antenna. the player touches the top of the net then the ball while blocking.

CORRECT Rule 11.3 Contact with the net by a player is not a fault, unless it interferes with the play. Players may touch the post, ropes, or any other object outside the antennae, including the net itself, provided that it does not interfere with the play. When the ball is driven into the net, causing it to touch an opponent, no fault is committed. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule 11.3 Contact with the net by a player is not a fault, unless it interferes with the play. Players may touch the post, ropes, or any other object outside the antennae, including the net itself, provided that it does not interfere with the play. When the ball is driven into the net, causing it to touch an opponent, no fault is committed. Click to continue

Question 26 (Rule ) How many of the following are legal serves: a player volleys the ball over the net; digs the ball over the net; kicks the ball over the net; hits the ball over the net with one arm; heads the ball over the net?

CORRECT Rule /2 The ball shall be hit with one hand or any part of the arm after being tossed or released from the hand(s). Only one toss or release of the ball is allowed. Dribbling or moving the ball in the hands is permitted. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule /2 The ball shall be hit with one hand or any part of the arm after being tossed or released from the hand(s). Only one toss or release of the ball is allowed. Dribbling or moving the ball in the hands is permitted. Click to continue

Question 27 (Rule ) How many seconds has a player to serve after the whistle of the first referee?

CORRECT Rule /5 The server must hit the ball within 8 seconds after the 1st referee whistles for service. A service executed before the referee's whistle is cancelled and repeated. REMEMBER: 8 seconds is a long time – time it now to check. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule /5 The server must hit the ball within 8 seconds after the 1st referee whistles for service. A service executed before the referee's whistle is cancelled and repeated. Click to continue REMEMBER: 8 seconds is a long time – time it now to check.

Question 28 (Rule /3) All actions which direct the ball towards the opponent, with the exception of service and block, are considered as attack hits. A back-row player may complete an attack hit at any height: From anywhere on the court. From the back zone provided some part of the player’s foot touches the attack line. From the front zone provided some part of the ball is below the top of the net.

CORRECT Rule /3 A back-row player may complete an attack hit at any height from behind the front zone: at his/her take-off, the player's foot (feet) must neither have touched nor crossed over the attack line; after his/her hit, the player may land within the front zone. A back-row player may also complete an attack hit from the front zone, if at the moment of the contact a part of the ball is lower than the top of the net. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule /3 A back-row player may complete an attack hit at any height from behind the front zone: at his/her take-off, the player's foot (feet) must neither have touched nor crossed over the attack line; after his/her hit, the player may land within the front zone. A back-row player may also complete an attack hit from the front zone, if at the moment of the contact a part of the ball is lower than the top of the net. Click to continue

Question 29 (Rule /2) A block contact is not counted as a team hit. Consequently, after a block contact, a team is entitled to three hits to return the ball. The first hit after the block may be executed: By any player except the libero By any player, including the one who has touched the ball during the block. By any player except the one who has touched the ball during the block.

CORRECT Rule /2 The first hit after the block may be executed by any player, including the one who has touched the ball during the block. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule /2 The first hit after the block may be executed by any player, including the one who has touched the ball during the block. Click to continue

Question 30 (Rule 15.2) Which of the following may a team legally request during an interruption of play: A substitution, followed by a time-out, followed by another substitution. A time-out followed by substitution, followed by another time-out. A time out, followed by another time-out, followed by a substitution, followed by another substitution..

CORRECT Rule 15.2 Request for one or two time-outs, and one request for substitution by either team may follow one another, within the same interruption. However, a team is not authorized to make consecutive requests for substitution during the same interruption. Two or more players may be substituted at the same time within the same request. There must be a completed rally between two separate substitution requests by the same team. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule 15.2 Request for one or two time-outs, and one request for substitution by either team may follow one another, within the same interruption. However, a team is not authorized to make consecutive requests for substitution during the same interruption. Two or more players may be substituted at the same time within the same request. There must be a completed rally between two separate substitution requests by the same team. Click to continue

Question 31 (Rule 15.7) A player (except the Libero) who cannot continue playing due to injury or illness, should be substituted legally. If this is not possible, the team is entitled to make an EXCEPTIONAL substitution, beyond the limits of Rule Any player not on the court can be an exceptional substitute except the libero or second libero or their regular replacement player. An exceptional substitution can be made provided the total number of substitutions for the set doesn’t exceed 6. Any player not on the court can be an exceptional substitute.

CORRECT Rule 15.7 An exceptional substitution means that any player who is not on the court at the time of the injury/illness, except the Libero, second Libero or their regular replacement player, may be substituted into the game for the injured/ill player. The substituted injured/ill player is not allowed to re-enter the match. An exceptional substitution cannot be counted in any case as a regular substitution, but should be recorded on the score sheet as part of the total of substitutions in the set and the match. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule 15.7 An exceptional substitution means that any player who is not on the court at the time of the injury/illness, except the Libero, second Libero or their regular replacement player, may be substituted into the game for the injured/ill player. The substituted injured/ill player is not allowed to re-enter the match. An exceptional substitution cannot be counted in any case as a regular substitution, but should be recorded on the score sheet as part of the total of substitutions in the set and the match. Click to continue

Question 32 (Rule ) An injured player is unable to continue playing. What is the first action to be considered (after the safety of the player)? A three minute recovery time A regular substitution, if possible. An exceptional substitution.

CORRECT Rule If an injured/ill player cannot be substituted legally or exceptionally, the player is given a 3-minute recovery time, but not more than once for the same player in the match. If the player does not recover, his/her team is declared incomplete. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule If an injured/ill player cannot be substituted legally or exceptionally, the player is given a 3-minute recovery time, but not more than once for the same player in the match. If the player does not recover, his/her team is declared incomplete. Click to continue

Question 33 (Rule ) Which of the following playing actions can a libero perform? Complete an attack hit from anywhere on the court, provided part of the ball is below the top of the net. Serve! Complete an attack hit from anywhere on the court, provided the ball is entirely above the top of the net. Attempt to block, provided he/she doesn’t touch the ball.

CORRECT Rule /3 He/she is restricted to perform as a back row player and is not allowed to complete an attack hit from anywhere (including playing court and free zone) if at the moment of the contact the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net. He/she may not serve, block or attempt to block. Click to continue Also be aware of Rule : A player may not complete an attack hit when the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net, if the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass by a Libero in his/her front zone. The ball may be freely attacked if the Libero makes the same action from outside his/her front zone.

INCORRECT Rule /3 He/she is restricted to perform as a back row player and is not allowed to complete an attack hit from anywhere (including playing court and free zone) if at the moment of the contact the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net. He/she may not serve, block or attempt to block. Click to continue Also be aware of Rule : A player may not complete an attack hit when the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net, if the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass by a Libero in his/her front zone. The ball may be freely attacked if the Libero makes the same action from outside his/her front zone.

Use of the red card, recorded on the score sheet and a point and service to the other team. Question 34 (Rule 21.1) The 1 st referee issues a Stage 2 warning for Minor Misconduct. What are the consequences? Use of the yellow card, recorded on the score sheet and a point and service to the other team. Use of the yellow card, recorded on the score sheet but no further consequences.

CORRECT Rule 21.1 Minor misconduct offences are not subject to sanctions. It is the 1st referee’s duty to prevent the teams from approaching the sanctioning level. This is done in two stages: Stage 1: by issuing a verbal warning through the game captain; Stage 2: by use of a YELLOW CARD to the team member(s) concerned. This formal warning is not in itself a sanction but a symbol that the team member (and by extension the team) has reached the sanctioning level for the match. It is recorded in the score sheet but has no immediate consequences. Click to continue

INCORRECT Rule 21.1 Minor misconduct offences are not subject to sanctions. It is the 1st referee’s duty to prevent the teams from approaching the sanctioning level. This is done in two stages: Stage 1: by issuing a verbal warning through the game captain; Stage 2: by use of a YELLOW CARD to the team member(s) concerned. This formal warning is not in itself a sanction but a symbol that the team member (and by extension the team) has reached the sanctioning level for the match. It is recorded in the score sheet but has no immediate consequences. Click to continue

This is considered Offensive Conduct and the referee should issue an Expulsion (Red and Yellow Card together) Question 35 (Rule 21.2/3) A player swears at a line judge after a decision. What action should the 1 st Referee take? This is considered Rude Conduct and the referee should issue a Penalty (Red Card) This is considered to be Aggression and the referee should issue a Disqualification (Red and Yellow Card separately)

CORRECT Rule 21.1 Incorrect conduct by a team member towards officials, opponents, team- mates or spectators is classified in three categories according to the seriousness of the offence. Rude conduct: action contrary to good manners or moral principles. Offensive conduct: defamatory or insulting words or gestures or any action expressing contempt. Aggression: actual physical attack or aggressive or threatening behaviour. Click to continue Note that sometimes it is necessary to witness the offence to make a clear judgement.

INCORRECT Rule 21.1 Incorrect conduct by a team member towards officials, opponents, team- mates or spectators is classified in three categories according to the seriousness of the offence. Rude conduct: action contrary to good manners or moral principles. Offensive conduct: defamatory or insulting words or gestures or any action expressing contempt. Aggression: actual physical attack or aggressive or threatening behaviour. Click to continue Note that sometimes it is necessary to witness the offence to make a clear judgement.

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