Information Storage and Energy Transfer

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Presentation transcript:

Information Storage and Energy Transfer Nucleic Acids Information Storage and Energy Transfer

Nucleic Acid Basics Made of C,H,O,N,P SPONCH Monomer is a nucleotide Functions - information storage - information transfer - energy transfer

Meet the Monomer-Nucleotide P = Phosphate Group S= 5 Carbon Sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) B= Nitrogen Base

Meet the Polymer Polymers of nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides joined by condensation reactions They are held together by covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of another - called phosphodiester bonds

Meet the Polymers DNA 2 chains of nucleotides held RNA together by H Bonds

Nucleic Acid Types-DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid made of two strands of nucleotides Form a double helix DNA stores hereditary information - recipes for the proteins found in the cell’s nucleus

Nucleic Acid Types- RNA Ribonucleic Acid Single strand of nucleotides forms a single helix transfers information from the DNA to the ribosomes - carries a protein recipe to the ribosome -ribosomes are structures in a cell that make protein

DNA- stores protein recipes in the nucleus RNA – transfers them to the ribosome to be built

DNA vs. RNA Double stranded Single Stranded Sugar–Deoxyribose Sugar – ribose Nitrogen Bases Nitrogen Bases Adenine Adenine Thymine Uracil Guanine Guanine Cytosine Cytosine

Base Pairing

Nucleic Acid Types - ATP Adenosine Tri-Phosphate ATP is a single nucleotide high energy molecule produced by cellular respiration transfers energy within cells

DNA/RNA vs. ATP DNA or RNA ATP

Nucleic Acid Types-ADP Adenosine Di-Phosphate Single nucleotide “rechargeable” energy transfer molecule Lower energy than ATP Cellular respiration converts ADP into ATP

Gene Expression DNA contains the original message mRNA copies the message with “opposite” image = transcription tRNA brings amino acids to mRNA in ribosome = translation Codon-anticodon relationship

Codon-anticodon relationship

Flashcards for Fun and Profit Elements found in Nucleic Acids Functions of Nucleic Acids Parts of a nucleotide Phosphodiester bonds Structure and function of DNA Role of H bonds in DNA Structure and function of RNA Structure and function of ATP Structure and function of ADP