Spanish-American War Identify reasons for the war; explain goals of the Anti-Imperialist League
Rebellion against Spain By end of 1800s – inhabitants of Spanish colonies were demanding their independence Included Philippine Islands, Guam, Cuba and Puerto Rico Revolt in Cuba concerned US – disrupted trade US outraged by stories describing Spanish brutality
Yellow Journalism Attracted readers Sensational style of writing that exaggerates the truth Forced President McKinley to take action against Spain after the sinking of the USS Maine
US goes to War Jan – USS Maine in Havana’s harbor to protect Americans in Cuba Feb. – Maine exploded killing 260 sailors Spain blamed ; “Remember the Maine” becomes call to arms
Awake United States! This song was rushed into print between the sinking of the Maine on February 16, 1898 and the declaration of war on April 25, Eagle soar on high, and sound the battle cry! How proudly sailed the warship Maine, a Nation ’ s pride, without a stain! A wreck she lies, her sailors slain. By two-faced butchers, paid by Spain! Eagle soar on high, And sound the battle cry Wave the starry flag! In mud it shall not drag !
April, 1898 – McKinley signs resolution calling for Cuba’s independence and demands a withdrawal of Spanish forces Spain refuses; war began
War in the Philippines
First major battle of Spanish-American War May, 1898 – Manila Bay Commodore George Dewey destroyed Spanish fleet with help of Filipino rebels
War in the Carribbean
June, 1898 – Rough Riders & other military units set out to capture Santiago, Cuba Two days after charging up San Juan Hill, Spanish fleet destroyed in Santiago Harbor July 17 – city surrendered
Rough Riders
Volunteer cavalry group led by Teddy Roosevelt Captured San Juan Hill outside Santiago and defeated the Spanish
Results of War US decides to keep Philippine Islands and Guam as colonies Filipino people unsuccessfully fight against American rule US requires Cuba to attach Platt Amendment to its constitution
US makes Puerto Rico a territory with little power to govern itself 1917 – Puerto Rico becomes self-governing territory with US citizenship for Puerto Ricans
Platt Amendment Allowed US to intervene in Cuba anytime there was a threat to “Life, Property, and individual Liberty.” Cuba also had to allow US naval base at Guantanamo Bay
Anti-Imperialist League Many people disappointed with US action following the war Anti-Imperialist League formed hoping to insure the right of people to govern themselves.
Platform of the American Anti- Imperialist League “ We hold that the policy known as imperialism is hostile to liberty…..We regret that it has become necessary in the land of Washington and Lincoln to reaffirm that all men, of whatever race or color, are entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” What is this passage saying?
Cue Questions What did Yellow Journalism cause? What was the purpose of the “Rough Riders”? Why was the USS Maine sent to Cuba? Activity: Illustrate the USS Maine in Cuba