Product Reactant Yields Equation Subscript Compound Catalyst Element Ionic Covalent Bond Stable Synthesis Decomposition Replacement Write a story using the words on the list Underline each word used Circle words you’ve never heard in RED Circle words you’re familiar with but unsure of in YELLOW Circle words you know well in GREEN

Valence Electrons - all the electrons on the outer-most energy level (ROMAN NUMERAL) Dot Diagram

Chemical Bond – a force that holds two or more atoms together when their outer- most energy levels become filled by each other. Creates a chemical reaction

Stable – when all of an atom’s energy levels are filled and it can no longer react Stable atoms become charged Unstable atoms have empty spaces on their energy levels and have no charge because their e- balance out with p+

Ionic Bond – when an atom becomes stable by giving or taking (exchanging) electrons from another atom. Ion- an atom that has gained or lost electrons and has a charge

Cation –gives away e-, has a positive charge clue to remember (ca+ion) Anion- takes e-, has a negative charge clue to remember (/-\nion) Ions with opposite charges bond together – opposites attract

An atom’s charge is neutral if its p+ and e- are balanced Atoms are usually unstable if they are neutral (except column VIII)

Covalent Bond – when 2 atoms fill their outer energy levels by SHARING a pair of electrons Both atoms keep their electrons on the outer ring Charge doesn’t change, atoms stay neutral AND become stable

Ionic Covalent

Chemical Formula- a way to write the name of bonded atoms (compounds) Ex. NaCl: uses Chemical Symbols Compound - _____________________

Chemical formulas show how many of each atom are in the compound Subscript- a number written to the lower right of a chemical symbol in the chemical formula DO NOT WRITE ONE (1)! Ex. H 2 O, NaCl, C 6 H 12 O 6

Chemical Reaction- when new substances are created from chemical bonds being formed or broken These new substances have new properties and are often compounds! Two parts: Reactants – what you start with (what reacts) Products – what you end with (what is created)

Conservation of Matter - matter can’t be created or destroyed in a reaction The items and the amount of items you start with MUST be the same as what you end with LIKE BAKING A CAKE Catalyst – changes how reactions happen, doesn’t actually react Speed up or slow down

Chemical Equation- written reaction Adding zinc to hydrochloric acid looks like: Zn + HCl  ZnCl 2 + H 2 Reactants (start)  products (end)  is like an equals sign “yields”

Synthesis – 2 or more substances react to form a new compound 2Na + Cl 2  2NaCl Decomposition – One substance breaks down during a reaction 2NaCl  2Na + Cl 2 Replacement – one element takes over the spot of an item in a compound CuSO 4 + Fe  FeSO 4 + Cu Combustion – reaction involving oxygen that produces light and heat. CH 4 + 2O 2  CO 2 + 2H 2 0