THE GENERAL FEATURES OF TRANSITION METAL CHEMISTRY.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Ionic Compounds with Transition Metals P 83. What is different about transition metals? Transition metals are located in the “d” block on the periodic.

Advertisements

Thermodynamics and Further Inorganic Chemistry. Contents Thermodynamics Periodicity Redox Equilibria Transition Metals Reactions of Inorganic Compounds.

Title: Lesson 6 Complex Ions Learning Objectives: Explain and use the terms ligand/complex/complex ion and ligand substitutions. Describe the formation.

 Electrons are the negatively charged part of the atom  Electrons are found in orbitals around the nucleus  We write the electron configuration of.

Formation of chemical bonds

Atoms that interact to form compounds are said to be chemically bonded.

The d-block Coordination Chemistry. Objectives Must Explain and use the terms ligand/complex/complex ion and ligand substitutions. Should Describe the.

NCEA1 Chemistry Basics CA 2005 Element Structure and the Periodic Table Chemical Bonding.

Compounds and their Bonds

A Chemist’s View of Explosives:. I. Chemical bond: a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds.

Bonding - Atoms interact (with their electrons) to form compounds. Sodium Chlorine.

Why are some substances coloured?. Why? There are many reasons why substances appear coloured but for most physical materials it is because the absorption.

Why are some substances coloured?

Covalent Bonding Molecular Bonds.

2.9 Another look at Bonding – Lewis Diagrams (Section 8.2 pg )

Chemical Bonding Chapter 19.

4.1 Atomic Theory & Bonding

Electron Configurations. Quantum Theory Electrons are found in orbitals Defined by quantum numbers n, l and m. Like seats in a theatre organized in section,

Electron Configurations for the Ions of Transition Metals & Main Group Elements Chemistry 11.

Periodic Table Study Guide Determining Shells and Valence Electrons

Lecture 31 Ion Formation Ozgur Unal 1.  Calcium carbonate – CaCO3 2  Table salt – NaCl  Aluminum oxide – Al2O3.

Chemistry Notes Electron Configurations. Studying the arrangement of electrons in atoms helps one understand chemical activity. From an electron configuration.

Electron Configurations. The purpose of this tutorial is to help you understand how electrons are arranged in their energy levels. You will learn how to.

Electronic configuration D-block transition metals (p54 lts) incomplete d subshell in at least one of their ions* lose 4s electrons before 3d electrons.

4.1 Atomic Theory & Bonding What is an Atom?  smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of that element  An atom = proton(s) + electron(s)

Transition Metal Complexes.  A covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons  Usually the two atoms involved in the covalent bond each contribute one.

Ch. 5 Ionic Compounds Section 1 Simple Ions. Questions To Think About 1. What is the difference between an atom and an ion? 2. How can an atom become.

Chemistry Notes Dot Diagrams Ionic Bonding Diagrams.

Covalent Bonding and Molecules. Atoms and Stability  Atoms bond with other atoms to become stable. 

Transition Metals.

IONS 7.1 Valence Electrons, The Octet Rule, and formation of Cations and Anions.

Lewis Structures and Molecular Geometry. Valence Electrons Electrons fill orbitals that are on the outside of the nucleus of the atom The number of electrons.

Topic 13 - Periodicity. Ionic properties High melting and boiling point Conduct electricity in molten and aqueous states Crystalline solids Soluble.

Acid Base Character of period 3

Yr 10 Chemistry Lewis Structures.  Questions of Doom Starter.

These models are easy to draw – if you follow the steps!

Covalent Bonding : Describe the covalent bond as the electrostatic attraction between a pair of electrons and positively charged nuclei :

1 Chemical Bonding & Writing and Naming Chemical Formulas and Compounds.

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Why are some elements so stable, but others so reactive? What does an atom’s place on the Periodic Table tell chemists? . How why do.

Periodic Table Determining Shells and Valence Electrons

ELECTRONS IN ATOMS Chapter 5.

C2 Topic 2: Ionic Bonding This topic looks at:

Metals Aluminium Copper Iron Locating metals Properties of metals

A LEVEL ELECTRON ARRANGEMENTS

Electron Configurations

Chemistry Ionic Compounds.

THE GENERAL FEATURES OF TRANSITION METAL CHEMISTRY

Atoms and Bonding Table of Contents

AH Chemistry – Unit 1 Transition Metals.

Electrons: The Bohr Model, Orbitals, and Electron Configuration

CHEMISTRY 1A STUDY SESSION

Section 5.2—Drawing Molecules

Structure & Properties of Matter

C2 Topic 2: Ionic Bonding This topic looks at:

Bohr Models… Niels Bohr explained the structure of the atom in his “Bohr models”. His model of the atom resembles a solar system. He came up with this.

Covalent Bonding.

“Ionic and Metallic Bonding”

Electron Configurations

Atomic Theory Review Basic Atomic Structure: A Look Inside the Atom

Electron Configurations

Covalent Compounds.

Lewis Dot Structures.

KNOCKHARDY PUBLISHING

Presentation transcript:

THE GENERAL FEATURES OF TRANSITION METAL CHEMISTRY

General features of transition metals This presentation explains what a transition metal is in terms of its electronic structure, and then goes on to look at the general features of transition metal chemistry. These include variable oxidation state (oxidation number) complex ion formation coloured ions catalytic activity

What is a transition metal? The terms transition metal (or element) and d block element are sometimes used as if they mean the same thing. They don't - there's a subtle difference between the two terms.

d block elements You will remember that when you are building the Periodic Table and working out where to put the electrons, something odd happens after argon. At argon, the 3s and 3p levels are full, but rather than fill up the 3d levels next, the 4s level fills instead to give potassium and then calcium. Only after that do the 3d levels fill.

d block elements The elements in the Periodic Table which correspond to the d sublevels filling are called d block elements. The first row of these is shown in the shortened form of the Periodic Table below.

Transition metals Not all d block elements count as transition metals! There are discrepancies between the various syllabuses, but the majority use the definition: A transition metal is one which forms one or more stable ions which have incompletely filled d orbitals.

Forming transition metal ions The rule is quite simple. Take the 4s electrons off first, and then as many 3d electrons as necessary to produce the correct positive charge.

Only one lone pair is shown on each water molecule. The other lone pair is pointing away from the aluminium and so isn't involved in the bonding. The resulting ion looks like this: Dotted arrows represent lone pairs coming from water molecules behind the plane of the screen or paper. Wedge shaped arrows represent bonds from water molecules in front of the plane of the screen or paper.

Once the co-ordinate bonds have been formed, the ion looks exactly the same as the equivalent aluminium ion. Because the iron is forming 6 bonds, the co-ordination number of the iron is 6.

Only one of the 4 lone pairs on each chloride ion is shown. The other three are pointing away from the copper ion, and aren't involved in the bonding.

CuCl 4 2-