History of Digital Camera By : Dontanisha Williams P2

Digital cameras are incorporated into many devices ranging from PDAs and mobile phones ( called camera phones) to vehicles

Unlike film cameras, digital cameras can display images on a screen immediately after being recorded, and store and delete images from memory.

Advantages of professional digital cameras Immediate image review and deletion is possible; lighting and composition can be assessed immediately, which ultimately conserves storage space. High volume of images to medium ratio; allowing for extensive photography sessions without changing film roll. To most users a single memory card is sufficient for the lifetime of cameras whereas film rolls are re-incurring cost of film cameras.

Performance metrics Lens quality: resolution, distortion, dispersion Capture medium: CMOS, CCD, negative film, reversal film, etc. Capture format: pixel count, digital file type (RAW, TIFF, JPEG), film format (135 film, 120 film, 5x4, 10x8). Processing: digital and / or chemical processing of 'negative' and 'print'.

Pixel Counts The number of pixels n for a given maximum resolution (w horizontal pixels by h vertical pixels) is the product n= w * h. This yields e.g megapixels (1,920,000 pixels) for an image of 1600* 1200.

Methods of image capture Single-shot capture systems use either one sensor chip with a Bayer filter mosaic. Multi-shot exposes the sensor to the image in a sequence of three or more opening of the lens aperture. The third is a scanning. Their linear or tri-linear sensors utilize only a single line of photo sensors, or three lines for the three colors.

The Bayer arrangement of color filters on the pixels array of an image sensor. The Bayer filter pattern is a repeating 2*2 mosaic pattern of light filters, with green ones at opposite corners and red and blue in the other two positions. Sometimes a 4-clolr filter pattern is used, often involving two different hues of green Green is a human visual system, which determines brightness mostly from green.

Sensor size and angle of view Cameras with digital image sensors that are smaller than the typical 35mm film size have a smaller field or angle of view when used with a lens of the same focal length. The amount of information captured is dependent on sensor density.

Compact digital cameras Compact cameras are intended to be portable and particularly suitable for casual “ snapshot”. Compact cameras are usually designed to be easy to use, sacrificing advanced features and picture quality for compactness and simplicity; images can usually only be stored using lossy compression (JPEG).

Starting in 2011, some compact digital cameras can take 3D still photos. These 3D compact stereo cameras can capture 3D panoramic photos for play back on a 3D TV. In 2013, Sony released two add- on camera models without display, to be used with a smartphone or tablet, controlled by a mobile application via WiFi.