DETERMINATION OF THE FORMULA OF A HYDRATE

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Presentation transcript:

DETERMINATION OF THE FORMULA OF A HYDRATE CHEM 1031 DETERMINATION OF THE FORMULA OF A HYDRATE

PURPOSE AND GOALS DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF MOLES OF WATER IN AN UNKNOWN HYDRATE.

PRINCIPLES INORGANIC SALTS ANHYDROUS CONDITIONS HYDRATE-WATER MOLECULES BOUND

WATER MECHANICALLY TRAPPED CHEMICALLY BOUND

FORMULA FOR THE HYDRATED SALT EXAMPLE: MgCl2•6H2O HYDRATE = ANHYDROUS SALT + WATER

IN THIS EXPERIMENT EXAMPLE: CuSO4•xH2O DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF WATERS OF HYDRATION PRESENT IN A SAMPLE EXAMPLE: CuSO4•xH2O

CALCULATIONS MASS OF SAMPLE= MASS OF CRUCIBLE/COVER/SAMPLE(C/C/S) - MASS OF CRUCIBLE/COVER(C/C) SHOULD BE ~1 g.

MASS OF WATER IN ORIGINAL SAMPLE= WEIGHT OF C/C/S BEFORE HEATING - WEIGHT OF C/C/S AFTER HEATING

MOLES OF WATER IN ORIGINAL SAMPLE= MASS OF WATER (g) MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF WATER (grams/mole)

MASS OF ANHYDROUS SALT IN ORIGINAL SAMPLE= WEIGHT OF C/C/S AFTER HEATING - WEIGHT OF C/C

MOLES OF ANHYDROUS SALT IN ORIGINAL SAMPLE= MASS OF ANHYDROUS SALT (g) MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF ANHYDROUS SALT (grams/mole)

RATIO OF THE NUMBER OF MOLES OF WATER TO MOLES OF ANHYDROUS SALT = # MOLES WATER # MOLES ANHYDROUS SALT

FORMULA OF HYDRATE: CuSO4•xH2O *WHERE “x” EQUALS THE NUMBER OF MOLES OF WATER PER MOLE OF ANHYDROUS SALT

PERCENT (%) OF WATER IN SAMPLE= MASS OF H2O_LOSS MASS OF SAMPLE X 100

REMINDERS HEAT GENTLY FIRST THEN STRONGLY USE TONGS AND WIRE GAUZE RECORD UNKNOWN SAMPLE CODE