Inspired Writings 39 OT books completed (Hebrew/Aramaic) ~500 BC 27 Greek NT books completed 10 Commandments (Hebrew) ~1400 BC Greek Septuagint 39 OT + 14 ~200 BC Un-Inspired Events Original manuscripts copied. Copies were copied and re-copied. Manuscripts dispersed and translated. Manuscripts deteriorate - many destroyed. Manuscripts translated into 500 languages by 500 AD 27 NT books recognized as canon ~315 AD Jerome’s Latin Vulgate ~ books w/Apocrypha Latin – only language allowed for scripture ~600 AD

Dark Ages Anglo-Saxon (Early Roots of English Language) New Testament ~995 AD Renaissance Period Wycliffe - First (hand written) English Bible (Latin to English) ~1384 AD Gutenberg press & Latin Bible ~1485 AD Erasmus produces a Greek/Latin parallel New Testament ~1516 AD Martin Luther’s German NT ~1522 AD

English Bible Translation History Tyndale’s New Testament (Hebrew and Greek to English) ~1526 Coverdale Bible (80 books) ~1535 The Great Bible (80 books) ~1539 King James (KJV) American Standard (ASV) Geneva Bible (80 books) ~1560 New American Standard (NASB) New International Version (NIV) New King James (NKJV) Modern Bibles English Standard Version (ESV) -2001

Earliest Texts 500 AD (Byzantine ) Erasmus Textus Receptus 1517 AD NKJV 1982 ASV 1901 KJV 1611

Western Italy, Gaul, North Africa, Egypt Known for paraphrase. Acts 10% Longer Byzantine Roman Empire Has the most manuscripts but not as old. 5 th to 12 th century AD. Typically Has more text than Alexandrian. Major text for older versions. Also called Majority Text, Textus Receptus, Syrian Text, M-Text Alexandrian Egypt Oldest manuscripts. Possibly 2 nd century. Shorter and more abrupt endings. Major text for most newer versions. NU-Text

Earliest Alexandrian Texts 200 AD Earliest Byzantine Texts 500 AD Westcott/Hort 1881 Nestle Aland 1898 Erasmus Textus Receptus 1517 AD N A-27th U BS-4th TEXT 1993 AD NIV 1978 RSV 1952 NASB 1971 ESV 2001 NKJV 1982 ASV 1901 KJV 1611

 Older English versions before the ASV Contain the verse. (KJV, Tyndale, Wycliffe)  ASV Includes the verse, but in italics  NKJV includes verse with footnote: NU-Text and M-Text omit this verse. It is found in Western texts, including the Latin tradition.  NASB has it in [brackets] with footnote: Early mss do not contain this v  NIV omits verse and has the footnote: Some late manuscripts..  ESV omits verse and has the footnote: Some Manuscripts add all or most of verse 37

 Underlying text (M-Text/NU-Text)  Dates of Translation  Translation Philosophies Word-for-word Thought-for-thought Paraphrase

 1) New International Version  2) King James Version  3) New King James Version  4) New Living Translation  5) English Standard Version  6) Holman Christian Standard Bible  7) The Message  8) Other Translations  9) Reina Valera 1960 (Spanish)  10) New International Readers Version

 Peter said, "Change your life. Turn to God and be baptized, each of you, in the name of Jesus Christ, so your sins are forgiven. Receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.  (The Message)