Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD/ADHD) Kiefer, MaryJane ED 6362 – Education of Exceptional Children Dr. M. McCloulskey Fall 2001

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) “The essential feature of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity- impulsivity that is far more frequent and severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development” According to criteria found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) (American Psychiatric Association, 1994)

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Observable Characteristics of Inattention: Often fails to give close attention Often has difficulty sustaining attention Often does not seem to listen Often does not follow through Often has difficulty organizing Often reluctant to engage in tasks Often loses things Easily distracted Often forgetful

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Observable Characteristics of Hyperactivity: Often fidgets with hands or feet Often leaves seat Often runs about Often has difficulty playing Often is “on the go” Often talks excessively Often blurts out answers Often has difficulty awaiting turn Often interrupts

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Points to Consider: Teaching children with ADHD Special Educational Needs Civil Rights of individual with Learning Disabilities

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) “Although ADHD is not a disability category recognized by IDEA, children with ADHD can be served under the “other health impairments” category if the disorder results in limited alertness and adversely affects academic performance.” U.S. Department of Education, 1997

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Some possible causes of ADHD: Molecular Genetic Influence Neurobiological Theory Head / Brain Trauma Myths and Misconceptions

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Some possible treatments of ADHD: Drug Therapy Behavioral Modification Cognitive Approaches