MORETZ BIOLOGY, 2013/2014 INVASIVE SPECIES. IN THE NEWS…

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Presentation transcript:

MORETZ BIOLOGY, 2013/2014 INVASIVE SPECIES

IN THE NEWS… hog-wild hog-wild

WHAT IS AN INVASIVE SPECIES? “… an alien (or non-native) species whose introduction does, or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.” as defined by the federal government Most non-native species are NOT invasive. Can include animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, and others. 50,000 non-native species in U.S.; 4,300 invasive species

HOW ARE INVASIVE SPECIES SPREAD? Most invasive species are distributed through human activity. Introduced intentionally: Pet trade Landscaping Biological control

HOW ARE INVASIVE SPECIES SPREAD? Introduced accidentally: Attached to ships Transported with produce Soil in shoes and tires Escape from fish farms Pathogens spread from non-native to native species

WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF INVASIVE SPECIES? Tolerant of a variety of habitats Grow rapidly Reproduce rapidly Outcompete native species for resources No natural predators

WHAT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS CAN INVASIVE SPECIES HAVE? Displace native species. Reduce native wildlife habitat. Reduce forest health and productivity. Alter ecosystem processes. Degrade recreation areas. Spread pathogens

WHAT ECONOMIC EFFECTS CAN INVASIVE SPECIES HAVE? $1.4 TRILLION per year, globally $137 BILLION per year, U.S. $74 BILLION from SIX invasive species

WHAT HEALTH EFFECTS CAN INVASIVE SPECIES HAVE? Spread disease Decrease available water supplies Decrease available food supplies Skin irritation

HOW ARE INVASIVE SPECIES CONTROLLED? Biological control – introduction of the species natural enemy to kill it Chemical control – use of pesticides to kill species Mechanical control – physically removing or stopping the spread of species. Cultural management – change of the species habitat to decrease its spread.

HOW CAN INDIVIDUALS DECREASE THE SPREAD OF INVASIVE SPECIES? Clean outdoor gear Don’t release pets or aquarium wild Clean and drain boats at site of use Don’t plant invasive plants for landscaping Clean soil off shoes and vehicles at site of use

WHAT INVASIVES ARE IN UTAH? Aquatics: up=&State=UT&Sortby=%5BGroup%5D,Genus,Speci es,SubSpecies&submit2=Submit up=&State=UT&Sortby=%5BGroup%5D,Genus,Speci es,SubSpecies&submit2=Submit Noxious Wees: State&statefips=49http://plants.usda.gov/java/noxious?rptType= State&statefips=49

WHAT IS MYRTLE SPURGE?