Consist of: Vary Depending on:  Facial Expression  Eye Contact  Posture  Body Movements  Culture  Situation

 Understand Moods  Shows Emotion  Connects sender and receiver  Sometimes involuntary due to Micro-expressions

 Open/Closed Posture  Mirroring shows understanding *Paired with eye contact and facial expressions to be more effective

- Understand NO Single body language sign is a reliable indicator It Takes several consistent signals to accurately indicate a particular conclusion  Interview- Good Posture/ Professional  Family Dinner- Good Posture/ Excitement  Funeral- Chin down/Mourning  Arrested- Chin Down/Ashamed

 weak handshake  Submissive  firm handshake  outward confidence  handshake with arm clasped seeking  control, paternalism

 5. Public 12ft+  no interaction, ignoring  4. Social- consultative 4-12ft  non-touch interaction, social, business  3. Personal 18in-4ft  family and close friends  2. Intimate 6-18in  physical touching relationships  1. Close intimate 0-6in  lovers, and physical touching relationships

 shoulder glance - looking sideways towards the target over the shoulder signals availability, and hence interest.  flicking hair - often combined with a slight tossing movement of the head.  foot pointing - direction can indicate person of interest.  shoe-dangling - positive signal of relaxation or of greater promise, especially if the foot thrusts in and out of the shoe.

 wide stance - legs apart (standing or sitting) - to increase size.  cowboy stance - thumbs in belt loops  hands in pockets - thumbs outs

 clenched fists,  frowns, pursed lips  stare down and squint  clinched jaw

 -arms not crossed, may be synchronized with what they are talking about  -legs not crossed, parallel indicates open attitude

 Eye Contact: › US and Cananda: Intermittent › Middle East: Intense between the same genders and brief between opposite genders. › Japanese: even brief eye contact is uncomfortable (Diener)  Handshakes: › Africa: limp handshakes are normal › Islamic countries: men don’t shake hands with women they aren’t related to › Turkey: firm handshakes are rude and aggressive (Diener)

 Personal Space: › China: no personal space › If unsure start with your own personal space and let them move. (Diener)  Greetings: › Japan: people bow › Italy: people kiss cheeks (Diener)

 French and Hispanic people tend to use the nose to signal alertness, disapproval, and disdain. (Lewis 137)  Thumbs up is common everywhere, but people from Brazil use it for nearly everything. (Lewis 138)  Arms: › Rarely used by Nordics › In Italy, Spain, and South America, large arm gestures are used in conversation. › We see that as being insincere or overly dramatic (Lewis 138)

 Main conditions that affect body language › Chronic Motor Tic Disorder › OCD › Gilles De La Tourette Syndrome  All affect motions and motor control  Need to be aware

 Affects approx. 2% of the population  Symptoms › Excessive blinking › Grimacing › Quick movements (arms, legs, etc.) › Sounds (grunting, throat clearing etc.)  Causes › Excited › Fatigued › Stressed

 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder  Symptoms › Checking and rechecking actions › Repeating actions › Preforming actions a certain # of times  Causes › Possible injury › 20% of people also have tics (Tourette’s?)

 Commonly called Tourette Syndrome  10% of Americans have tics in some form  Symptoms › Repeated, quick movements › Uncontrollable sounds  Ex. Arm thrusting, jumping, kicking, shrugging, sniffling  Causes › Genetic › Liked to brain abnormalities › 4 X’s more likely with boys

 Body language will show your emotions and reactions about a situation  Main components of body language include: eye contact, hand shakes, body distance, arm positions, etc.  Body language differs across cultures  Certain medical disorders effect body language

 Diener, Sam. "Body Languages in Different Cultures." Sam Diener's Stuff For Success. Sam Diener, Web. 1 Nov  Lewis, Richard D. When Cultures Collide. Clerkenwell, London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing, eBook.  "Gilles de la Tourette syndrome." MedlinePlus. A.D.A.M, Web. 4 Nov  "Chronic Motor Tic disorder." U.S. National Library of Medicine. A.D.A.M medical encyclopedia, Web. 4 Nov  "Obsessive Compulsive disorder." PubMed Health. N.p., Web. 4 Nov  "body language." business balls.com. N.p.. Web. 4 Nov  "Using Body Language." changing minds. N.p.. Web. 4 Nov  funniest translator Film. 4 Nov  “Body Language” Understanding non- verbal comm. N.p..web 4 Nov  “Gestures your body Speaks” Toastmasters International Rev. June 2011 web. 4 Nov 212